occiduus Latin · revision 36548

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=43 BC–18 AD, Ovid|origins=la occidō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɔkˈkɪ.du.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [otˈt͡ʃiː.du.us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''occiduus''' (feminine occidua, neuter occiduum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|occidō#2|-uus|t1=to fall, set]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) The grammarians Nonius and Eutyches also explain it from the verb, as “things that set”.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Ovid has it first,^(Köbler 2010)^(TLL) of the [[m|en|setting]] sun: in the ''Metamorphoses'' he speaks of the shores warmed by the setting sun, ''occiduō quae lītora sōle tepēscunt''.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The TLL notes that it was a poetic word from Ovid on, in Manilius, Seneca and Lucan, and in prose only once in Pliny the Elder, then in Gellius, Apuleius and later writers.^(TLL) From the setting sun it passed to the evening hour and to the [[m|en|west]], the quarter where the sun goes down: Ovid's ''occiduae aquae'' are the western sea and his ''oriēns occiduusque diēs'' east and west.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it described what is sinking or nearing its end, such as old age in Ovid,^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) and in Christian poetry what is frail and [[m|en|perishable]], as in Paulinus of Nola.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ Late writers used it as a noun for the west, as Isidore of Seville did.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) In British medieval Latin it kept the senses of setting and western, and was applied to the western church;^(DMLBS) Italian has it as ''occiduo''.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of the setting sun, of the west and of declining old age.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Manilius uses it of setting heavenly bodies.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 165 AD – Gellius uses it in prose of the setting sun and of the western winds.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it of the west and, as a noun, of a wind from the west.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 560–636 AD – Isidore of Seville uses it as a noun for the west.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 639–709 AD – Aldhelm uses it of the setting sun and of the western parts of the world.^(DMLBS)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Going down, [[m|en|setting]] (of the sun and other heavenly bodies).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Of the time of sunset, of [[m|en|evening]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Drawing to a close, [[m|en|declining]] (of day, night or old age); liable to die.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # [[m|en|western|alt=Western]], lying where the sun sets.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' Frail, [[m|en|perishable]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' The [[m|en|west]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[occidualis]]

+ * [[inocciduus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[occidēns]]

+ * [[occāsus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}