irreparabilis Latin · revision 36523

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la reparō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪr.rɛ.paˈraː.bɪ.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ir.re.paˈraː.bi.lis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''irreparābilis''' (neuter irreparābile); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''inreparābilis'', in inscriptions and often in manuscripts.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|reparābilis|t1=not|t2=recoverable, reparable]], with the ⟨n⟩ assimilated,^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Georges 1913) and the adjective comes from [[m|la|reparō|t=to recover, restore]].^(Köbler 2010)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Virgil,^(Köbler 2010)^(TLL) whose ''Georgics'' have ''fugit inreparābile tempus'', “irretrievable time flies”.^(TLL)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis and Short call it a poetic and post-Augustan word.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It was used above all of time and life: Virgil also says that the span of life is short and irretrievable for all, Seneca that the days flow on and life runs down beyond recovery, and Columella speaks of the flight of time.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Ambrose repeats Virgil's phrase, and Sedulius uses it of the last hour.^(TLL) Augustine and other Church writers have the adverb ''irreparābiliter''.^(Georges 1913)^(TLL)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it also meant irrevocable.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval British writers used it both of what cannot be recovered and of damage that cannot be repaired: a royal record of 1264 speaks of irreparable damage, and the Latin version of the ''Ancrene Riwle'' says that a vessel as fragile as glass cannot be made whole once its integrity is lost.^(DMLBS) Italian has [[m|it|irreparabile]] from it.^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil writes ''fugit inreparābile tempus''.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of life running out.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it of the flight of time.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 354–430 AD – Augustine uses the adverb ''irreparābiliter''.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1264 – An English royal record speaks of ''irreperābile damnum'', irreparable damage.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of something lost: that cannot be recovered, [[m|en|irretrievable]] (especially of time and life).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # Of loss or damage: [[m|en|irreparable]].^(OLD 2012)^(DMLBS)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' [[m|en|irrevocable|alt=Irrevocable]].^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[reparābilis]]

+ * [[reparō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Virgil's ''fugit inreparābile tempus'' (''Georgics'' 3.284) became a proverbial line on the passing of time;^(TLL)^(Conte 2010) Ambrose already quotes it.^(TLL)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}