cultrix Latin · revision 36518

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1st century BC, Novius|origins=la colō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈkʊɫ.triːks]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈkul.triks]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cultrīx''' ''f'' (genitive cultrīcis, masculine cultor); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|colō#1|-trīx|t1=to cultivate, inhabit, worship|t2=feminine agent suffix]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) the feminine counterpart of [[m|la|cultor]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces the verb to [[itc-pro|*kwele/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*kwelh1-e/o-|t=to go round]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The earliest instance the OLD records is in the Atellan farce writer Novius, in the first century BC, where the goddess Laverna is sworn by as the promoter of the speaker's gains: “quae mei cultrix quaestuist”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it followed the senses of [[m|la|colō#1|alt=colere]]: a woman or goddess who tends or promotes something (Cicero calls agriculture the “cultrix” of what the earth produces),^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) a female inhabitant, used especially of goddesses tied to a place (Catullus calls Diana the dweller on the mountains of Idrus, Virgil Cybele the mother who dwells on Cybelus),^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) and, in first-century AD writers, a female worshipper or devotee.^(OLD 2012) Persius applied it even to a pan that “dwells” by the hearth.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Christian Latin it was used of women who worship idols or a pagan goddess: the Vulgate speaks of a worshipper of the great Diana, and Lactantius of a worshipper of the mountain gods.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1st century BC – Novius uses it of the goddess Laverna as the promoter of someone's gains.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero calls the science of farming the “cultrix” of the earth's produce.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it of Diana as an inhabitant of the mountains.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 45–96 AD – Statius uses it for a female devotee.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–317 AD – Lactantius writes of a worshipper of the mountain gods.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it of a worshipper of Diana.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A woman or goddess who fosters, tends or promotes something; a female [[m|en|cultivator]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A female [[m|en|inhabitant]], especially of a goddess associated with a place.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # A female [[m|en|worshipper]] or [[m|en|devotee]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A woman who worships idols or pagan gods.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[nemoricultrix]]

+ * [[pietāticultrīx]]

+ * [[silvicultrīx]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}