austeritas Latin · revision 36498

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1st century AD, Columella|origins=la austērus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [au̯sˈteː.rɪ.taːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [au̯sˈtɛː.ri.tas]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''austēritās''' ''f'' (genitive austēritātis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|austērus|-tās|t1=sour, harsh; severe]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it from the younger Seneca and Columella on;^(TLL) Lewis & Short think it perhaps not earlier than the age of Augustus.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Columella uses it of the sourness of grapes that never sweeten.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Pliny the Elder uses it of the harsh taste of wine, onions and pitch, and of colour, for a dark, sombre tone that tones down bright pigments.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it is sternness: Quintilian wants a teacher's strictness not to be gloomy, and Pliny the Younger uses it in a letter.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The Vulgate has it of ruling harshly.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Ecclesiastical Latin it is austerity or rigour,^(Stelten 1995) and in medieval Latin also steadiness or strength.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it of the sourness of grapes.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of taste and of colour.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian uses it of a teacher's strictness.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it of harsh rule.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|sourness|alt=Sourness]], bitterness, [[m|en|astringency]]; of weather, rigour.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Of colour, sombreness, depth.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # [[m|en|severity|alt=Severity]], strictness, sternness, [[m|en|austerity]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Steadiness, strength.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[austērē]]

+ * [[austērus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}