cucullus Latin · revision 36469

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=borrowing|attested=1st century AD, Columella}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kʊˈkʊl.lʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [kuˈkul.lus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cucullus''' ''m'' (genitive cucullī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is probably [[bor|xtg|-]]: the OLD labels it Gallic,^(OLD 2012) and the TLL infers a Gaulish source from the compound [[m|la|bardocucullus]], although it doubts that the Irish and Breton forms are native words.^(TLL) Wiktionary also takes it for a loan, from Gaulish or Illyrian, and compares [[xtg|Cucullātus]], the name of a god; alternatively it may be a reduplicated form of [[ine-pro|*kuH-l-]], from the root [[m|ine-pro|*(s)kewH-|t=to cover]], which would make it related to [[m|la|cutis|t=skin]].^(Wiktionary) Köbler also points, with a question mark, to the root meaning to cover.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Columella, for a hood fastened to a garment.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means a hood or cowl,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) worn as a disguise in Juvenal,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Martial uses it for a cone of paper wrapped round goods.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Ecclesiastical writers such as Paulinus of Nola and Jerome have the feminine ''cuculla'',^(Lewis & Short 1879) and in medieval Latin it is a cowl, especially a monk's cowl.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ Through Old English the Late Latin ''cuculla'' gave English [[m|en|cowl]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it for a hood.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial uses it for a paper wrapper.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 67–c. 127 AD – Juvenal mentions it as a disguise.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 383–419/420 AD – Jerome uses the feminine ''cuculla''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|hood]], a covering for the head.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A conical [[m|en|wrapper]] for goods.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|cowl]], especially a monk's cowl.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[cucullātus]]

+ * [[cuculliō]]

+ * [[cuculliunculum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[bardocucullus]]

+ * [[en|cowl]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The OLD has a separate ''cucullus'' naming a plant, the same as ''strychnon'', perhaps the same word.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}