cardiacus Latin · revision 36447

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=grc καρδία}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [karˈdi.a.kʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [karˈdiː.a.kus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cardiacus''' (feminine cardiaca, neuter cardiacum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|καρδιακός|tr=kardiakós|t=of the heart]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) from [[m|grc|καρδία|tr=kardía|t=heart; stomach]].^(Köbler 2010) Köbler traces the Greek noun to [[ine-pro|*ḱerd-|t=heart]].^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates the noun from Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who writes that this should perhaps not be attributed to sufferers from the disorder either, ''haud sciō an nec cardiacīs hoc tribuendum sit''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant of or affecting the heart or stomach;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''morbus cardiacus'', in Celsus and Pliny the Elder, was a disorder of the heart or stomach, perhaps heartburn.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) A person with this disorder was ''cardiacus'', and the masculine was used as a noun for such a sufferer: Horace says that a sick man is not ''cardiacus'', Juvenal has a man who would never send a cup to a friend with the disorder, and Seneca says that drinking and sweating are a cardiac patient's life.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Vegetius uses it of horses and cattle.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Isidore has a feminine noun ''cardiacē'' for the disease.^(TLL)

+

+ Medieval Latin used it for one suffering from heart disease,^(Niermeyer 1976) and British medieval writers for the heart, for cardiac fever and for heart disease generally.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses the noun for sufferers from the disorder.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of a sick man.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it in ''morbus cardiacus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 67–c. 127 AD – Juvenal uses it of a friend with the disorder.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 400 AD – Vegetius uses it of horses and cattle.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of or affecting the [[m|en|heart]] or [[m|en|stomach]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''morbus cardiacus'', a disorder of the heart or stomach, perhaps [[m|en|heartburn]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Suffering from such a disorder.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A person suffering from a disorder of the heart or stomach.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Heart disease, cardiac fever.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}