obtrecto Latin · revision 36436

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la trahō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɔpˈtrɛk.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [obˈtrɛk.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''obtrectō''' (present infinitive obtrectāre, perfect active obtrectāvī, supine obtrectātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ob-|tractō|t2=to drag, handle]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Conte 2010) De Vaan derives [[m|la|tractō]] from ⟨tractus⟩, the past participle of [[m|la|trahō|t=to draw, drag]], which he traces to [[itc-pro|*traχe/o-]]; its closest cognates are Celtic, such as [[sga|tráig|t=ebb, beach]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it first in Cicero, Sallust, Nepos and Livy.^(TLL) Cicero, in the ''Tusculan Disputations'', defines it as the distress felt when another has the same thing as oneself, and uses it in a speech of those who oppose a law.^(TLL)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It takes a dative or an accusative: Livy has it with the glory or praise of a general, Phaedrus and Tacitus with an accusative.^(TLL)^(Conte 2010)^(Georges 1913) In poetry only Phaedrus and Silius Italicus use it.^(TLL) Suetonius writes that Tiberius belittled Germanicus' achievements as needless.^(Conte 2010) The Festus epitome has a form ''obtractat'', explained as handling something against the general opinion, and the spellings ⟨abtr-⟩ and ⟨-tract-⟩ also occur.^(TLL) Christian writers used it of opposition to Christ and the Gospel: Cyprian of the Jews belittling his great works, Hilary of the Pharisees.^(TLL) Stelten gives the Church Latin sense “disparage, decry”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero defines it and uses it of opposing a law.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust uses it.^(TLL)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of belittling a general's glory.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius writes of Tiberius belittling Germanicus.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * beginning of 3rd century–258 AD – Cyprian uses it of the Jews disparaging Christ's works.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|disparage]] or criticize out of [[m|en|envy]] or malice; to [[m|en|belittle]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To work against, [[m|en|thwart]], oppose.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[obtrectātiō]]

+ * [[obtrectātor]]

+ * [[obtrectātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tractō]]

+ * [[dētrectō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}