divulgo Latin · revision 36420

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la vulgus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [diːˈwʊɫ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [diˈvul.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dīvulgō''' (present infinitive dīvulgāre, perfect active dīvulgāvī, supine dīvulgātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ The spelling ''dīvolgō'' seems to be confined to Sallust and some manuscripts of Cicero.^(OLD 2012)

+ A form ''dēvulgō'' appears in glosses and some late texts.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dis-|vulgō#2|t2=to make public]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) and that verb comes from [[m|la|vulgus|t=the common people]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Cicero and Lucretius on.^(TLL)^(de Vaan 2008) Cicero uses it of making public a document, an informer's evidence that was read, copied and spread abroad, and of putting a book into circulation.^(TLL)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its sense was to [[m|en|publish]] or make widely known: Caesar uses it of a plan that became known, and Suetonius of verses and handwritten notes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) Cicero also uses it of a youth given over openly to everyone's lusts, made common property.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) The participle ''dīvulgātus'' meant widespread or common: Lucretius has a glory spread abroad, and Cicero calls a magistracy the most common of all.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL notes that poets hardly use it.^(TLL)

+

+ In Late Latin it was used of publishing laws and edicts: the Theodosian Code orders an edict to be made known in all the provinces, and the Vulgate's Esther has a decree published through the whole empire.^(TLL) Ecclesiastical Latin has the sense to spread around.^(Stelten 1995) English took it over in the mid-15th century as [[m|en|divulge]], first in the sense to make public.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses the participle of glory spread abroad.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of publishing evidence and books.^(TLL)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of a plan becoming known.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius uses it of verses and notes.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 396 AD – A law later collected in the Theodosian Code orders an edict to be published in all the provinces.^(TLL)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it of a royal decree.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-15th century – English borrows it as [[m|en|divulge]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To make public, spread news of, [[m|en|divulge]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To put (a book) into [[m|en|circulation]], publish.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+ # To make common, give over to common use.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' To [[m|en|promulgate]] (a law or edict).^(TLL)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}