remember English · revision 3642

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1338 (Mannyng)|origins=ine-pro *(s)mer-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /rɪˈmem.bə/, US /rɪˈmem.bɚ/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|remembren]], [[bor|fro|remembrer|t=to remember, recall]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[la-lat|rememorārī|t=to call to mind again]],^(Etymonline)^(COED 2004)^(Klein 1966) formed from [[m|la|re-|t=again]] and [[m|la|memorārī|t=to be mindful of]], from [[m|la|memor|t=mindful]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(AHD 2000) from [[ine-pro|*(s)mer-|t=to remember]].^(Etymonline)^(AHD 2000) The ''b'' that grew up between ''m'' and a following consonant is regular, as in [[number]], [[chamber]] and [[humble]].^(Etymonline) It is related to [[memory]], [[memorial]] and [[commemorate]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(Klein 1966)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ To keep in mind, retain in the memory: before 1338, in Robert Mannyng's ''Chronicle of England''.^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ An Old English verb for the idea was [[m|ang|gemunan]].^(Etymonline) From the late 14th century ''remember'' also meant “to recall to mind”.^(Etymonline) Middle English used it for “to remind (someone)” and “to narrate”, and impersonally, as in ''hit remembreth me'', “I remember”;^(Etymonline) the sense “to remind” survives in archaic and dialect use.^(Hoad 1986) “To mention” is from the 1550s,^(Etymonline) and was used until 1626.^(HTOED) From 1467 it could mean to give someone a gift, tip or legacy,^(HTOED) and since 1479 it has meant to mention in prayer.^(HTOED) ''Remembrance'' is older than the verb, probably from before 1300,^(Barnhart 1988) and a ''remembrancer'', an official who collected dues, is from the 15th century.^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * before 1300 – ''remembrance''.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * before 1338 – to keep in mind (Mannyng).^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * late 14th century – to recall to mind.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1467 – to give a gift or tip to.^(HTOED)

+ * 1479 – to mention in prayer.^(HTOED)

+ * 1550s – to mention.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To bring back to mind; to think of again.^(AHD)^(SOED 2002)

+ # To keep in the memory; not to [[forget]].^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # To have the power of memory.^(AHD)

+ # To keep someone in mind as worthy of reward, as in a [[will]], or to give a [[tip]] to.^(AHD)^(HTOED)

+ # To pass on greetings from: ''remember me to them''.^(AHD)

+ # To [[commemorate]].^(AHD)^(HTOED)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[rememberability]]

+ * [[rememberable]]

+ * [[rememberer]]

+ * [[unremembered]]

+ * [[unremembering]]

+ * [[disremember]]

+ * [[misremember]]

+ * [[remembrance]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[memory]]

+ * [[memorial]]

+ * [[remind]]

+ * [[commemorate]]

+ * [[recollect]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The American Heritage Dictionary groups ''remember'' with ''bethink'', ''recall'' and ''recollect'', all meaning to bring a thought back to mind.^(AHD) Etymonline quotes an older distinction: what one ''remembers'' recurs without effort, while what one ''recollects'' is brought back by an effort of the mind.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}