fluvialis Latin · revision 36416

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la fluō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [fɫʊ.wiˈaː.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [flu.viˈaː.lis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fluviālis''' (neuter fluviāle); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|fluvius|-ālis|t1=river]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) and [[m|la|fluvius]] is a derivative of [[m|la|fluō|t=to flow]],^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline) which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*flow-e/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*bhleuH-|t=to flow (over)]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Virgil has it first,^(Köbler 2010) of the [[m|en|reed]] that grows by rivers in the ''Georgics'' and of river waters in the ''Aeneid''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It always meant of, in or from a [[m|en|river]]: Ovid has river waters and a river duck, Columella contrasts river water with rainwater and names a river fish ''lupus fluviālis'', and Palladius has river sand.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) Ambrose calls the hippopotamus ''equus fluviālis'', “river horse”.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ Italian ''fluviale'' continues it,^(Conte 2010) and English took it over in the late 14th century as [[m|en|fluvial]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of river reeds and river waters.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of river waters and a river duck.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella contrasts river water with rainwater.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 340–397 AD – Ambrose calls the hippopotamus a river horse.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * end of 4th/beginning of 5th century AD – Palladius uses it of river sand.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English borrows it as [[m|en|fluvial]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of, in or from a [[m|en|river]], [[m|en|fluvial]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fluvius]]

+ * [[flumen]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}