perditor Latin · revision 36408

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la perdō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈpɛr.dɪ.tɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈpɛr.di.tor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''perditor''' ''m'' (genitive perditōris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|perdō|-tor|t1=to destroy, lose]], an agent noun.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) De Vaan lists that verb (from Naevius on) among the Latin compounds in ⟨-dō⟩ that may continue [[ine-pro|*dʰeh₁-|t=to put]] rather than [[m|ine-pro|*deh₃-|t=to give]], noting that the two roots cannot always be told apart in compounds.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first known use is in Cicero, who calls an opponent a destroyer and harasser of the state, as against a preserver and guardian of it.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Cicero uses it several times in his speeches: in the ''Pro Plancio'' and the ''In Vatinium'' of a destroyer of the state, and in the ''In Pisonem'' of the destroyer of the dignity and very name of the senatorial order.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) After him the TLL finds it from Tertullian on, mostly in Church writers.^(TLL) Cyprian calls Novatian a corrupter of truth and destroyer of charity,^(TLL) Lactantius calls evil spirits destroyers of men,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) and Hilary uses it of God, who destroys body and soul in the fire of judgement.^(TLL)

+

+ Medieval Latin used it for one who dooms others to perdition and for a loser.^(Niermeyer 1976) In British sources it is also the Devil as destroyer of souls, and one who has lost something.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a destroyer of the state.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * beginning of 3rd century–258 AD – Cyprian calls Novatian a destroyer of charity.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–317 AD – Lactantius calls evil spirits destroyers of men.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 315–367/368 AD – Hilary uses it of God as the destroyer of body and soul.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # One who ruins or [[m|en|destroy|alt=destroys]], a [[m|en|destroyer]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' One who dooms to [[m|en|perdition]]; the Devil as destroyer of souls.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' One who loses, a [[m|en|loser]].^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[perdō]]

+ * [[perditiō]]

+ * [[perditus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}