iaculator Latin · revision 36393

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la iaciō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ja.kʊˈɫaː.tɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ja.kuˈlaː.tor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''iaculātor''' ''m'' (genitive iaculātōris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|iaculor|-tor|t1=to throw, hurl|t2=agent suffix]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists the verb and [[m|la|iaculum|t=throwing spear]] among the derivatives of [[m|la|iaciō|t=to throw]], which he traces to [[itc-pro|*jak-i-]] and [[ine-pro|*(H)ih₁-k-(i-)|t=to throw, let go]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The earliest instance is a line of Plautus that Isidore of Seville quotes, ''probus quidem anteā iaculātor erās'', “you used to be a good thrower”, which Isidore explains of a fisherman casting a net.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In poetry it is any thrower: Horace calls the giant Enceladus a bold hurler of uprooted trees, and Statius uses it of Jupiter as the thrower of the thunderbolt.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) More often it is a javelin thrower: Ovid uses it of a warrior, and Livy of light-armed troops, as when he says that a Moorish javelin man was no match for a Spanish ''caetrātus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Seneca mentions javelin men sent by King Bocchus.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) L&S take Juvenal's ''iaculātor'' beside ''ōrātor'' figuratively, as an accuser,^(Lewis & Short 1879) while the OLD lists it with the javelin throwers.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Medieval writers used it for javelin and stone throwers and for an attacker,^(MLW) and an English record of 1112 names a man ''iaculātor''.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it in a line Isidore quotes of a net-caster.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace calls Enceladus a hurler of tree trunks.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of light-armed javelin troops.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 67–c. 127 AD – Juvenal uses it beside ''ōrātor''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1112 – An English document names a man ''iaculātor''.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|thrower]], [[m|en|hurler]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A javelin thrower; a light-armed soldier armed with a [[m|en|javelin]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A fisherman who casts a [[m|en|net]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(figurative)'' An [[m|en|accuser]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A thrower of stones; an attacker.^(MLW)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[iaculātōrius]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[iaciō]]

+ * [[iaculum]]

+ * [[iaculus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}