aureolus Latin · revision 36374

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la aurum}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [au̯ˈre.ɔ.ɫʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [au̯ˈrɛː.o.lus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''aureolus''' (feminine aureola, neuter aureolum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Columella has the spelling ''auriolus''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|aureus|-olus|t1=golden]], a diminutive.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan lists both adjectives among the derivatives of [[m|la|aurum|t=gold]], which goes back to [[itc-pro|*auso-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂é-h₂us-o-|t=glow]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[lt|áuksas|t=gold]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It first appears in Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) for things made of gold: the ''Epidicus'' mentions a little gold ring and the ''Rudens'' a little golden sword.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is made of gold, golden: Lucilius has a golden girdle and Catullus a golden apple.^(OLD 2012) It also means gold-coloured, as of a neck in Varro,^(OLD 2012) and gilded or decorated with gold.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Poets used it as a word of affection, beautiful or lovely, as when Catullus speaks of lovely little feet,^(OLD 2012) and Cicero praises a small but “golden” book and a “golden” little speech.^(OLD 2012) As a masculine noun (with ''nummus'' understood) it is a gold coin in Martial.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The Vulgate has it of a golden crown.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ The feminine ''aureola'' (with ''corōna'' understood) gave English [[m|en|aureole]] in the early 13th century, the heavenly crown of martyrs and virgins,^(Etymonline) and Medieval Latin ''oriolus'' (13th century), from the same adjective, was the source, through French, of [[m|en|oriole]], the golden bird.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a gold ring and a golden sword.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius has it of a golden girdle.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it of a golden apple and of lovely feet.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero praises a “golden” little book.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial uses it as a noun for a gold coin.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it of a golden crown.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 13th century – English borrows ''aureola'' as [[m|en|aureole]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Made of [[m|en|gold]], [[m|en|golden]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Gold-coloured; [[m|en|gilded]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|beautiful|alt=Beautiful]], lovely; of speech or writing, [[m|en|brilliant]], excellent.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A gold [[m|en|coin]], gold piece.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aurārius]]

+ * [[aurātus]]

+ * [[aurum]]

+ * [[aureus]]

+ * [[en|aureole]]

+ * [[en|oriole]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}