urus Latin · revision 36368

+ {{infobox|confidence=disputed|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 50 BC, Caesar}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈuː.rʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈuː.rus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ūrus''' ''m'' (genitive ūrī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is disputed.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) The OLD and Köbler take it as a Germanic word, and Köbler gives it as [[bor|gem-pro|*ūrōn]];^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) Georges compares Old High German [[m|goh|ūr]],^(Georges 1913) and the OLD compares [[non|urr]].^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short and Gaffiot call it Celtic instead,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) and Wiktionary reports that Caesar gave it a Celtic origin and that it may be only indirectly related to [[gem-pro|*ūraz]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first author the dictionaries cite is Caesar, in the sixth book of the ''Gallic War'',^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Conte 2010) where it names the [[m|en|aurochs]], the long-horned wild ox of ancient Europe.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Virgil uses it twice in the ''Georgics'', and Pliny the Elder in his account of animals.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) The glossaries explain it with Greek words for a German ox and for the buffalo, and in Latin as a forest ox.^(CGL) British medieval glossaries kept it as the name of a wild ox: Ælfric's glossary gives the Old English equivalent, and Osbern of Gloucester explains it as a wild ox of the fields.^(DMLBS) [[grc|οὖρος|tr=oûros]] was borrowed from it, and it lives on in Italian, Spanish and Portuguese ⟨uro⟩ and in English ''urus'' and ''ure''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar names the wild ox in the ''Gallic War''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it in the ''Georgics''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder mentions it in the ''Natural History''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|aurochs]], the long-horned wild [[m|en|ox]] of ancient Europe.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|urus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}