velociter Latin · revision 36340

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la vēlōx}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [weːˈɫoː.kɪ.tɛr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [veˈlɔː.t͡ʃi.ter]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vēlōciter''' (comparative vēlōcius, superlative vēlōcissimē)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|vēlōx|-ter|t1=swift]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan suggests that [[m|la|vēlōx]] meant “wind-like”, from an old noun [[ine-pro|*h₂weh₁-lo-|t=wind]] built on the root [[m|ine-pro|*h₂weh₁-|t=to blow]],^(de Vaan 2008) which also gave [[sa|वाति|tr=vā́ti]] and [[grc|ἄησι|tr=áēsi]], both “blows”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) whose ''Timaeus'' has the superlative ''vēlōcissumē'' of the things that moved most swiftly.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is with speed of movement, swiftly:^(OLD 2012) Caesar's enemies fall back very swiftly, Ovid's Iris is sent quickly to the hall of Sleep, and Quintilian speaks of the aim of writing well and fast.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) From Pliny the Elder on it also meant in a short time, quickly: laurels age quickly but sprout again from the roots, and Juvenal says that examples of vice at home corrupt us more quickly.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ Medieval writers kept both senses:^(DMLBS) Anselm warns that prayers are not to be read hurriedly and quickly but slowly and with meditation.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses the superlative of swift motion.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of enemies falling back.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of laurels ageing quickly.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 2nd half of the 11th century–1109 – Anselm uses it of reading prayers hastily.^(DMLBS)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|swiftly|alt=Swiftly]], [[m|en|rapidly]], at speed.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # In a short time, [[m|en|quickly]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vēlōx]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}