splendesco Latin · revision 36334

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la splendeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [spɫɛnˈdeːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [splenˈdɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''splendēscō''' (present infinitive splendēscere, perfect active splenduī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|splendeō|-scō|t1=to shine|t2=inchoative suffix]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|splendeō]] to [[ine-pro|*splnd(ʰ)-eh₁-|t=to be manifest]], a stem whose Celtic relatives, such as [[sga|sluindid|t=to express, declare, name]], kept the sense of making something known.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cicero, the first to use it, has it only figuratively:^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010) nothing is so rough that it does not ''splendēscat ōrātiōne'', “gain lustre from eloquence” (''Paradoxa Stoicorum'' 3).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Cicero also uses it of the voice, whose ringing quality can shine even in old age.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) The literal sense, “to begin to shine”, is in Virgil, who wants the ploughshare to start gleaming as the furrow wears it, and in Ovid, who saw the sky shine with the flames of Etna.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Pliny the Younger writes of a finished work that no longer gains lustre from the file.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ The perfect ''splenduī'' is cited from Augustine's ''Confessions''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of style and of the voice.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of a ploughshare beginning to shine.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–AD 18 – Ovid uses it of the sky lit by Etna's flames.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 354–430 – Augustine has the perfect ''splenduī''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To begin to [[m|en|shine]], grow bright; to become glossy or [[m|en|lustrous]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(figurative, of style)'' To gain lustre, become brilliant.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(of the voice)'' To ring out clearly.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[consplendesco]]

+ * [[desplendesco]]

+ * [[exsplendēscō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}