pergula Latin · revision 36304

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la pergō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈpɛr.ɡʊ.ɫa]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈpɛr.ɡu.la]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pergula''' ''f'' (genitive pergulae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Quintilian cites ''precula'' as a barbarism for it.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is uncertain.^(Wiktionary) The OLD, Lewis and Short and Georges see it as [[af|la|pergō|-ula|t1=to go on, proceed]], formed like [[tēgula]] from [[tegō]],^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) and Köbler also allows this.^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan notes that it could in theory be a diminutive of a noun ⟨*pergo-⟩ “pole, frame”, cognate with [[lt|pérgas|t=canoe]], [[cu|прагъ|tr=pragŭ|t=doorpost]] and [[non|forkr|t=bar, stick]], but the meanings are so different that nothing definite can be said.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The OLD also compares [[lt|pirkčia]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Plautus,^(Köbler 2010) who uses it for a [[m|en|brothel]] in the ''Pseudolus'';^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) de Vaan gives Lucilius as the first author,^(de Vaan 2008) who uses it for a workshop.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The basic sense is a structure built out from the front of a house or a wall, open to the street.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) It served as a booth or shop, a money-changer's stall, a painter's studio, a school (Suetonius says a grammarian taught ''in pergulā'', and Juvenal uses ''omnis pergula'' for all the pupils of a school), a brothel, and an astrologer's observatory.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) It could also be a poor man's hut, as opposed to a mansion: Petronius has the saying ''quī in pergulā nātus est, aedēs nōn somniātur'', “one born in a shack does not dream of a palace”.^(Conte 2010)^(Georges 1913) In farming it was a framework for training vines, a [[m|en|pergola]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical and Medieval Latin it named a beam or arch in front of the altar, on which candles were set.^(Stelten 1995)^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives in [[it|pergola]].^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it for a brothel.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it for a workshop.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it for a vine trellis.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–150 AD – Suetonius uses it for a school and an astrologer's observatory.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A structure built out from the front of a house, open to the street, used as a [[m|en|booth]], shop or [[m|en|workshop]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # A school or lecture room;^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) ''(metonymy)'' the pupils of a school.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # A [[m|en|brothel]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # A [[m|en|hut]] or hovel.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # An observatory of an astrologer.^(Conte 2010)^(Georges 1913)

+ # A framework for vines, a [[m|en|pergola]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin, Medieval Latin)'' A beam or arch before the [[m|en|altar]], carrying candles.^(Stelten 1995)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[pergulānus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|pergola]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}