insolesco Latin · revision 36299

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=86–34 BC, Sallust|origins=la soleō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ĩː.sɔˈɫeːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [in.soˈlɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnsolēscō''' (present infinitive īnsolēscere); third conjugation, no passive, no perfect or supine stems^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|īnsolēns|-scō|t1=unaccustomed; haughty]],^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) a more recent derivative of that adjective, which goes back to [[m|la|in-|t=not]] and [[m|la|soleō|t=to be accustomed]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) In this older view the sense moved from “unaccustomed” to “out of the ordinary, excessive”, and de Vaan finds it confirmed by the order in which the meanings of [[m|la|īnsolēns]] and of [[m|la|īnsolentia]] appear.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Another explanation, first proposed in 1898 and taken up by Melchert in 2005 and by the LIV, separates the word from ''soleō'' and connects it with verbs meaning “to swell” such as [[de|schwellen]], with “swell” turning into “brag”: Melchert compares [[hit|šulle-|t=to become arrogant]], from [[ine-pro|*su̯l̥H-eh₁-|t=to become swollen]].^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan prefers the derivation from ''soleō''.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Sallust:^(de Vaan 2008) ''per licentiam animus hūmānus īnsolēscit'', “through licence the human mind grows [[m|en|insolent]]” (''Catiline'' 6.7).^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The usual sense is to grow proud or overbearing, often from success: Tacitus writes ''rēbus secundīs etiam ēgregiōs ducēs īnsolēscere'', “even excellent generals grow arrogant with success”.^(Conte 2010) It was also used of people who go beyond the proper measure.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ Christian writers used it in a physical sense, to become unusual or to grow: Tertullian of a voice that began to change, and Jerome of a womb swelling over nine months.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust says that licence makes the mind insolent.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus says success makes generals arrogant.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 160–220 AD – Tertullian uses it of a voice changing.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 383–420 AD – Jerome uses it of a swelling womb.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To grow [[m|en|arrogant]] or overbearing; to become [[m|en|elated]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To go beyond the proper measure, behave without restraint.^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' To become unusual; to grow or swell.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[soleō]]

+ * [[īnsolēns]]

+ * [[īnsolentia]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}