Änderung German · revision 36291

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 1210, Gottfried von Strassburg's Tristan|origins=ine-pro *antero-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * [ˈɛndəʁʊŋ]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Änderung''' ''f'' (genitive Änderung, plural Änderungen)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|anderunge]], also [[m|gmh|enderunge]], a noun formed [[af|de|ändern|-ung]].^(Wiktionary)^(Wiktionary DE)^(Köbler MHD)^(DWB2|2, 812) The verb [[ändern]] is derived from the adjective [[ander]] “other”.^(Kluge 2011|43)^(Pfeifer 1993) That adjective goes back to [[gem-pro|*anþeraz]], also found in [[got|𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌰𐍂|tr=anþar]] and [[non|annarr]], and to [[ine-pro|*antero-]], as in [[sa|अन्तर|tr=ántara]] and [[lt|antras|alt=añtras|t=second, other]], a contrastive formation on a pronominal stem.^(Kluge 2011|43)^(Pfeifer 1993) The umlaut of the verb and of this noun did not spread to the adjective.^(Wiktionary DE)^(Kluge 2011|43)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Middle High German ''anderunge'' is recorded about 1210 in Gottfried von Strassburg's ''Tristan'' and in other courtly and religious texts, with the senses “change, alteration, inconstancy, separation, difference”.^(Köbler MHD) A charter of 1279 speaks of a change happening in a fief: ''swenne ein andervnge geschiht, an .. dem lehen''.^(DWB2|2, 812)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The revised Grimms' dictionary separates two senses from the beginning: “alteration, transformation” and “exchange, replacement”; in a Bavarian legal text of the late 13th century two officials hand their office over to two others every month, and this ''endrung'' is to take place monthly.^(DWB2|2, 812) A change of heart could mean amendment: a Weistum of 1530 names ''busze und änderung'' (penance and amendment) side by side, and Adelung still gives the sense “betterment”.^(DWB|1, 313)^(Adelung 1793) In 1555 Johann Agricola writes of the change in religion,^(DWB2|2, 812) and the 18th century uses the word of corrections to a manuscript (1774) and, later, of alterations to clothes.^(DWB2|2, 812)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1210 – Middle High German ''anderunge'' in Gottfried's ''Tristan''.^(Köbler MHD)

+ * 1279 – ''andervnge'' in a charter.^(DWB2|2, 812)

+ * 1530 – ''busze und änderung'' “penance and amendment” in a Weistum.^(DWB|1, 313)

+ * 1555 – Used of a change of religion.^(DWB2|2, 812)

+ * 1774 – Used of alterations and corrections to a manuscript.^(DWB2|2, 812)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|alteration]], [[m|en|modification]]: ''eine Änderung des Fahrplans'';^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary) ''Änderungen vorbehalten'' (“subject to change”).^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A change, shift (of opinion, attitude, circumstances): ''eine Änderung der Lage''.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ändern]]

+ * [[ander]]

+ * [[Veränderung]]

+ * [[anders]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}