putesco Latin · revision 36249

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=ine-pro *puH-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [puːˈteːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [puˈtɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pūtēscō''' (present infinitive pūtēscere, perfect active pūtuī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ⟨pūtīscō⟩, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|pūteō|-scō|t1=to stink, be rotten|t2=inchoative suffix]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan lists it among the derivatives of [[m|la|pūs|t=pus]]; he takes [[m|la|pūteō]] and its family to be built on an old past participle, [[itc-pro|*pūto-|t=rotten]], [[ine-pro|*puH-to-]], of the root [[m|ine-pro|*puH-]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sa|पूयति|tr=pū́yati|t=to rot, stink]], [[grc|πύθομαι|tr=púthomai|t=to rot, decay]] and [[lt|pū́ti|t=to rot, decay]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Cato,^(de Vaan 2008) whose farm manual warns that olives left too long on the ground will rot.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to begin to rot or decay, to go bad, and of water to become foul and stagnant.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Varro uses it of seeds that rot when the weather is unsuitable, Lucretius of the body rotting after death, and Horace of brine that has stunk in a Byzantine jar.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Celsus calls hard water the kind that is slow to go foul,^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) and Vitruvius uses the verb too.^(Conte 2010) Varro also explains the ''puticulae'', pits for the poor dead, as places where corpses rotted.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ Cicero has the spelling ''putisceret'',^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) and the TLL notes that the word is often confused with forms of ''putr-'' in manuscripts.^(TLL) The TLL derives [[it|putire]], [[fro|puir]], Provençal, Catalan and Old Spanish ''pudir'' from it or from [[m|la|pūteō]].^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of olives rotting on the ground.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of seeds rotting.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of the body rotting after death.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of stinking brine.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it of water going foul.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To begin to [[m|en|rot]] or decay, go bad, [[m|en|putrefy]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # (of water) To become [[m|en|fetid]] and stagnant.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[computescō]]

+ * [[expūtescō]]

+ * [[reputesco]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pūteō]]

+ * [[pūs]]

+ * [[putrēscō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}