antecapio Latin · revision 36248

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la capiō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [an.tɛˈka.pi.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [an.teˈkaː.pi.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''antecapiō''' (present infinitive antecapere, perfect active antecēpī, supine anteceptum); third (-iō variant) conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ The past participle is ⟨anteceptus⟩ in Cicero, the only author who weakens the vowel of the simple verb, and ⟨antecaptus⟩ elsewhere.^(TLL)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ante-|capiō|t1=before|t2=to take, seize]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|capiō]] to [[itc-pro|*kap-i-]], which he reconstructs as [[ine-pro|*kh₂p-i-]] but also allows to be of non-Indo-European origin.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|κάπτω|tr=káptō|t=to gulp down]] and [[m|grc|κωπή|tr=kōpḗ|t=grip]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cicero uses the participle in ''De natura deorum'', rendering Epicurus' [[m|grc|πρόληψις|tr=prólēpsis]] as a notion of a thing grasped beforehand in the mind,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) which Lewis and Short take as an innate idea.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is to seize or occupy beforehand.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Sallust has Catiline's party seizing in advance things useful for war, and in the ''Jugurtha'' a legate sent ahead to occupy a place for the camp;^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Tacitus has a bridge over the Meuse taken beforehand,^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) and Pacatus' panegyric a place seized in advance for war.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ With ''animō'' it meant to anticipate in thought, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) It also meant to act before, to forestall a time or state:^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Sallust writes that luxury anticipated hunger, thirst and cold instead of waiting for them, of acting before nightfall, and of forestalling the arrival of envoys.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Apuleius uses it of a thought guessed and anticipated.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a notion grasped beforehand in the mind.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust uses it of seizing things and places in advance.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of seizing a bridge beforehand.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it of anticipating a thought.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 389 AD – Pacatus uses it of seizing a place for war.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|seize]] or occupy beforehand.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # (with ''animō'') To [[m|en|anticipate]] in thought;^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) (past participle) conceived beforehand, ''a priori''.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # To act before, [[m|en|forestall]] (a time or state); to anticipate (a plan).^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[capiō]]

+ * [[anticipō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}