zufolge German · revision 36238

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=1648}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /tsuˈfɔlɡə/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''zufolge'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|de|zu|Folge]], formed in chancery language after the model of [[zuliebe]] and [[zugunsten]]; the Grimms' dictionary rejects the earlier view that it was contracted from a purpose clause.^(DWB|32, 364) The noun [[Folge]] belongs to [[folgen]], [[inh|gmh|volgen]], [[inh|goh|folgēn]], [[inh|gem-pro|*fulgāną|t=to follow]].^(Kluge 2011|308) The verb is also in [[non|fylgja]], [[ang|folgian]] and [[ofs|folgia]], but not in Gothic, and it has no clear relatives outside Germanic.^(Kluge 2011|308)^(Duden 7 2020|280)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is in general use from the 17th century, first written separately: ''deme mir auffgetragenem befehle zu folge'' (“in accordance with the order given to me”, Rist, 1648) and ''zu volge meines brieffs'' (“in accordance with my letter”, Moscherosch, 1650).^(DWB|32, 364)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ At first it marked a logical consequence of an opinion or rule, then a reference to a source (“according to a legend”, Goethe), and it weakened to “in accordance with”, so that it could also be used of actual effects.^(DWB|32, 364) Kramer records ''zufolgedessen'' “consequently”.^(DWB|32, 364)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1648 – Rist writes ''befehle zu folge''.^(DWB|32, 364)

+ * 1650 – Moscherosch uses ''zu volge meines brieffs''.^(DWB|32, 364)

+ * 18th century – Wieland and Lessing use ''zufolge'' after a dative noun.^(DWB|32, 364)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Preposition===

+ # [[m|en|according to|alt=According to]], as stated by; in accordance with: ''dem Wetterbericht zufolge'' “according to the weather forecast”.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Folge]]

+ * [[folgen]]

+ * [[infolge]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Placed after its noun, ''zufolge'' takes the dative; placed before it, it takes the genitive (''zufolge des Berichts''), which is less common.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(DWB|32, 364) A dative after a preceding ''zufolge'' is very rare, as in Kant's ''zufolge dem freiheitsbegriffe''.^(DWB|32, 364)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}