octogesimus Latin · revision 36232

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=116–27 BC, Varro|origins=la octōgintā}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɔk.toːˈɡeː.sɪ.mʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ok.toˈd͡ʒɛː.s̬i.mus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''octōgēsimus''' (feminine octōgēsima, neuter octōgēsimum); first/second-declension numeral^(Wiktionary)

+ Variant spellings are ⟨octōgēnsimus⟩, in Pliny the Younger and Juvenal, and ⟨octāgēsimus⟩, in Ulpian.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ Christian writers such as Cyprian, Ambrose and Jerome have ⟨octuāgēsimus⟩,^(TLL) the usual form in British medieval texts.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|octōgintā|-ēsimus|t1=eighty]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan lists [[m|la|octōgintā]] among the derivatives of [[m|la|octō|t=eight]], from [[itc-pro|*oktō]] and [[ine-pro|*h₃(e)ḱtéh₃|t=eight]];^(de Vaan 2008) for eighty he compares [[sa|अशीति|tr=aśītí-|t=eighty]] and [[grc|ὀγδοήκοντα|tr=ogdoḗkonta|t=eighty]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and Georges find it first in Varro.^(Köbler 2010)^(Georges 1913) In Cicero's dialogue on old age Cato says that he is in his eighty-fourth year.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the ordinal number eightieth.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Juvenal counts a man's age by his eightieth solstice,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and as a feminine noun it means an eightieth part, as in Vitruvius and the jurist Maecianus.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Priscian lists it among the ordinal numbers.^(TLL)

+

+ Medieval writers used it in dates and counts: Aldhelm of an Olympiad, Alcuin of his eighty-second year in a letter of 799, Grosseteste of the eighty-ninth psalm, and many charters in the year of the Lord.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it, the earliest author Köbler records.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero has Cato speak of his eighty-fourth year.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 67–c. 127 AD – Juvenal uses it of an eightieth solstice.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 799 – Alcuin uses it of his eighty-second year in a letter.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|eightieth|alt=Eightieth]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # (feminine as noun) An eightieth part.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[octōgintā]]

+ * [[octō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}