traiectus Latin · revision 36216

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=170–c. 90 BC, Accius|origins=la trāiciō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [traːˈjɛk.tʊs], [traːˈjɛk.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [traˈjɛk.tus], [traˈjɛk.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''trāiectus''' ''m'' (genitive trāiectūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Inscriptions have the spelling ⟨trēiectus⟩.^(OLD 2012) Caesar writes ⟨trānsiectus⟩.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|trāiciō|-tus|t1=to throw across, cross]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010) That verb is [[m|la|trāns|t=across]] and [[m|la|iaciō|t=to throw]];^(Wiktionary) de Vaan derives ⟨iaciō⟩ from [[itc-pro|*jak-i-|t=to throw]] and the root [[ine-pro|*(H)ieh₁-|t=to throw, let go]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|ἵημι|tr=híēmi|t=to send, let go, throw]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest example is from a tragedy of Accius, who uses the plural of ways through the woods.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Köbler dates it from Livy.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant the act of crossing a river or strait:^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Caesar uses it of being cut off from a march or a crossing, Livy of a man drowned while crossing the river Albula, and Suetonius of Augustus twice caught by a storm during a crossing.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis and Short note that Cicero does not use it, but says ''trāiectiō'' instead.^(Lewis & Short 1879) From this came a route across, often with its length: Caesar writes of the shortest crossing to Britain, and Livy and Pliny the Elder give the distances of crossings by sea.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) It also meant a crossing place, as in the ''Bellum Alexandrinum'' and Tacitus, and in inscriptions a ferry service.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Conte notes it in place names, such as ''Mosae Traiectus'', Maastricht.^(Conte 2010) Niermeyer records the sense ford, already in Hirtius,^(Niermeyer 1976) and Bede uses it of a crossing of fifty miles from Gessoriacum.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius uses it of ways through the woods.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of the crossing to Britain.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of crossing a river.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius uses it of a sea crossing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of a crossing place.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The act of [[m|en|crossing]] over (a river or strait), [[m|en|passage]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A route across; the distance of a crossing.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # A crossing place; a [[m|en|ferry]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|ford]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[trāiciō]]

+ * [[trāiectiō]]

+ * [[iaciō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''trāiectus, -a, -um'' is also the past participle of [[trāiciō]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) The OLD gives it no entry of its own, and Gaffiot lists it apart from the noun.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}