Eindruck German · revision 36143

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=back-formation, calque|attested=c. 1300, Meister Eckhart|origins=la impressiō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈaɪ̯nˌdʁʊk/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Eindruck''' ''m'' (genitive Eindruckes or Eindrucks, plural Eindrücke)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|îndruc]], formed from the verb [[m|gmh|îndrucken|t=to press in, imprint]] (today [[eindrücken]]), but surely not without the influence of [[la|impressiō|t=impression]].^(Kluge 2011|234)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Wiktionary) Paul, Duden and Wiktionary treat it as a loan translation of the Latin noun by the mystics, above all Meister Eckhart.^(Paul 2002)^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary) The revised Grimm dictionary calls the origin uncertain: probably from the verb, though a prefixed form of [[Druck]] following the Latin model cannot be ruled out.^(DWB2|7, 568)

+

+ The verb goes back to [[goh|inthrucken|t=to stamp, impress]], recorded in a manuscript of the 12th century; its base [[drücken]] is [[goh|thrucken]], an intensive verb [[gem-pro|*þrukkjan]].^(Pfeifer 1993) [[nl|indruk]] corresponds to it, and [[sv|intryck]] and [[da|indtryk]] were modelled on the German noun.^(DWB|3, 164)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Middle High German ''îndruc'' occurs almost only in mystical texts, as in Meister Eckhart (about 1300): ''ez mac des himels îndruck sîn'' (“it may be the influence of heaven”).^(DWB2|7, 568) It meant an effect or influence on the soul, transferred from the impression of a seal, as in the Song of Songs: “set me as a seal upon thine heart”.^(Paul 2002)^(Kluge 2011|234)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the 15th to the late 17th century the word is rare and found mainly in religious writing; the Pietists revived it, and it became frequent in the 18th century.^(DWB2|7, 568)^(Paul 2002)^(Pfeifer 1993) Then phrases such as ''einen guten Eindruck machen'' (“to make a good impression”) and ''einen tiefen Eindruck hinterlassen'' became common, and Lessing could write of a Jewish girl who ''auf dich Eindruck machte''.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DWB|3, 164) In the concrete sense of a mark pressed into something (a footprint, a seal in wax) the word has always been rare.^(Kluge 2011|234)^(DWB|3, 164) For the mental effect the verb [[eindrücken]] has been replaced by [[beeindrucken]], a journalistic coinage of the end of the 19th century.^(Paul 2002)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1300 – Meister Eckhart uses ''îndruc'' of a spiritual influence.^(DWB2|7, 568)

+ * 14th century – Kluge's date for the word.^(Kluge 2011|234)

+ * 1633 – Czepko writes of ''der Eindruck der Gestirne'' “the influence of the stars”.^(DWB2|7, 568)

+ * 18th century – ''Eindruck machen'' becomes common.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DWB|3, 164)

+ * Late 19th century – The verb ''beeindrucken'' is coined.^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|impression]]: the effect that something seen or experienced leaves in the mind, shaping one's idea of a person or thing: ''Sie machte auf alle einen guten Eindruck.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)^(Wiktionary DE)

+ # A mark or [[m|en|imprint]] pressed into something: ''der Eindruck eines Fußes im Schnee''.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[eindrücken]]

+ * [[beeindrucken]]

+ * [[Druck]]

+ * [[Ausdruck]]

+ * [[drücken]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Eindruck schinden'' (colloquial) is to show off so as to impress others.^(Duden GWDS 1999) A separate noun ''Eindruck'' “printing in, typographic imprint”, from the verb ''eindrucken'', was recorded by Adelung in 1774 and survives only in dictionaries.^(DWB2|7, 570)^(Adelung 1793)

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+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}