einstellen German · revision 36128

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=1328|origins=gmw-pro *stalljan}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * [ˈʔaɪ̯nʃtɛln̩], [ˈʔaɪ̯nʃtɛlən]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''einstellen''' (third-person singular present stellt ein, past tense stellte ein, past participle eingestellt, auxiliary haben)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|īnstellen]], a late Middle High German verb formed [[af|de|ein-|stellen]].^(Wiktionary)^(Paul 2002)^(DWB2|7, 1057) The same verb is [[gml|instellen]] and [[dum|instellen]], Dutch [[m|nl|instellen]].^(DWB2|7, 1057)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ The verb is [[m|goh|stellen]], a West Germanic verb also found in [[ang|stiellan]].^(Kluge 2011|881)^(Duden 7 2020|819) Kluge takes it as a derivative of [[Stall]] in the old sense “standing place”, or else as a causative of a root [[ine-pro|*stel-]] not otherwise attested in Germanic;^(Kluge 2011|881)^(Duden 7 2020|819) Duden also derives it from the noun, but sees it used as the causative of [[stehen]], “to make stand”.^(Kluge 2011|881)^(Duden 7 2020|819)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The first record, from the Freising law book of Ruprecht von Freising (1328), speaks of a stable where someone put up his horse: the first sense was to put an animal in a stall, and then also to stop at an inn on a journey.^(DWB2|7, 1057)^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the 15th century ''einstellen'' meant “to give someone a post”: an Upper Swabian town law of 1473 speaks of taking on a journeyman, and Luther wished a true preacher to be ''eingestellt''.^(DWB2|7, 1057)^(Paul 2002) From 1760 it was also used of recruiting soldiers.^(DWB2|7, 1057) The sense “to stop, cease” (''die Arbeit einstellen'') developed in the 15th century from putting away something no longer needed, and the reflexive ''sich einstellen'' “to turn up, arrive” dates from the 14th century;^(Paul 2002)^(DWB2|7, 1057) Goethe wrote in 1812 that they ''stellten sich zur bestimmten Zeit ein''.^(Paul 2002)^(DWB2|7, 1057)

+

+ Technical use, adjusting an instrument, gave the noun [[Einstellung]] “adjustment” in the first half of the 19th century.^(Paul 2002) The early 20th century brought ''sich auf etwas einstellen'' “to adapt oneself, prepare for something”, and ''Einstellung'' “attitude”.^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1328 – First record, of putting a horse in a stable.^(DWB2|7, 1057)

+ * 14th century – Reflexive ''sich einstellen'' “to turn up”.^(Paul 2002)

+ * 15th century – The senses “to employ” and “to stop, discontinue”.^(Paul 2002)

+ * 1473 – A town law speaks of taking on a journeyman.^(DWB2|7, 1057)

+ * 1760 – ''einstellen'' is used of enlisting soldiers.^(DWB2|7, 1057)

+ * First half of the 19th century – ''Einstellung'' “adjustment” of instruments.^(Paul 2002)

+ * Early 20th century – ''sich einstellen auf'' “to adapt oneself to”.^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To put something in its place; to put a car or animal in a garage or stall for a time.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+ # To [[m|en|hire]], to take on as an employee.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|adjust]] or set a device: focus a camera, tune a radio to a station;^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary) ''einen Patienten auf ein Medikament einstellen'', to find the right dose for a patient.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To stop or [[m|en|discontinue]] an activity: production, payments, legal proceedings.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(reflexive)'' To arrive at a set time and place; also, of a result or feeling, to set in.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(reflexive)'' To prepare oneself for something or [[m|en|adapt]] to someone: ''sich auf längere Wartezeiten einstellen''.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(sports)'' To equal a record; also, of a coach, to prepare a team in a certain way.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(officialese)'' To enter a sum in a budget.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ # ''(Switzerland)'' To suspend someone from office or from certain rights.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Einstellung]]

+ * [[einstellbar]]

+ * [[Stelldichein]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[stellen]]

+ * [[Stall]]

+ * [[Stelle]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}