Verkauf German · revision 36121

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=back-formation|attested=16th century|origins=la caupō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /fɛɐ̯ˈkaʊ̯f/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Verkauf''' ''m'' (genitive Verkaufes or Verkaufs, plural Verkäufe)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a back-formation from the verb [[verkaufen]], made in Early New High German; the older noun was [[Verkaufung]].^(Paul 2002)^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Pfeifer 1993) The verb is [[gmh|verkoufen]], [[goh|firkoufen]], formed with the prefix [[ver-]] from [[kaufen]] “to buy”, which goes back to a very early borrowing of [[la|caupō|t=innkeeper, petty trader]] or of the Latin verb [[m|la|caupōnor|t=to haggle, trade]].^(Kluge 2011|483)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Köbler AHD) The oldest noun for a sale was [[goh|firkoufida]].^(EWA|3, 293) Köbler records [[gmh|verkouf]] in four charters from 1271 on, while the Grimms' dictionary found no Middle High German record.^(Köbler MHD)^(DWB|25, 618)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Old High German ''firkoufida'' “sale” occurs only in two glosses of the 10th or 11th century.^(EWA|3, 293) The modern noun is dated by Pfeifer to the 16th century; the Grimms quote the Frankfurt Reformation, a law book, on ''verkauff und kauff'', and Maaler's dictionary of 1561, which gives ''kauff und verkauff'' for Latin ''nundinatio''.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DWB|25, 618)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the start it was used in the pair ''Kauf und Verkauf'' for trade.^(DWB|25, 618) Adelung defines it as the act of transferring the ownership of a thing to another for a price, and gives the Low German form ''Verkoop''.^(Adelung 1793) [[Verkaufspreis]] “selling price” is recorded in 1780.^(Paul 2002) In merchants' language it also names the sales department of a firm.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 10th–11th century – Old High German ''firkoufida'' “sale” in glosses.^(EWA|3, 293)

+ * 1271 – Middle High German ''verkouf'' in a charter.^(Köbler MHD)

+ * 16th century – The modern noun is recorded.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 1780 – ''Verkaufspreis'' “selling price”.^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|sale]], the act of selling: ''Der Verkauf der Wohnung dauerte drei Monate.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)^(Wiktionary DE)

+ # ''(commerce)'' The sales department of a firm.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Verkaufspreis]]

+ * [[Ausverkauf]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[verkaufen]]

+ * [[Verkäufer]]

+ * [[Kauf]]

+ * [[kaufen]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Zum Verkauf'' means “for sale”, and ''Verkauf auch außer Haus'' is a notice in cafés that food may be taken away.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}