vorhanden German · revision 36114

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=15th century}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /foːɐ̯ˈhandn̩/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vorhanden''' (strong nominative masculine singular vorhandener or vorhandner, not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It was fused in the 15th century from the phrase “vor Handen”, with [[vor]] “before” and the old dative plural of [[Hand]], literally “before the hands”, as in [[abhanden]].^(Kluge 2011|963)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Wahrig Herkunftswörterbuch) Being “before the hands” meant being ready to be grasped, and the word was then generalized to presence and existence.^(Kluge 2011|963)^(Wahrig Herkunftswörterbuch) The plural without umlaut is a remnant of the old u-stem inflection of the noun.^(Pfeifer 1993) An older form was [[fürhanden]].^(DWB|26, 1153)

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+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A 15th-century glossary translates Latin ''restare'' “to remain” with ''vorhanden sin'';^(DWB|26, 1153) Dasypodius (1537) gives ''vorhanden sein'' for ''extare'' “to exist”, and later dictionaries for ''praesens'', ''praesto'' “at hand”.^(DWB|26, 1153) Luther writes ''alles was dir vorhanden kommt zu tun'' (“whatever comes to your hand to do”).^(Paul 2002)

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+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Used with ''sein'', the word at first meant “at hand, present” and also “imminent”: Luther has ''daß der Tag Christi vorhanden sei'' (“that the day of Christ is at hand”), and Gellert still wrote of ''dem vorhandenen Tage'', the coming day.^(Paul 2002) Schiller used it of a deed that “is there and done”.^(Paul 2002) The sense “imminent” has died out, and the word now means “existing, available”, both predicatively and before a noun.^(Paul 2002)^(Duden GWDS 1999) The parallel [[abhanden]] “missing, lost” spread from Middle German in the 14th century and is now used almost only with ''kommen''.^(Pfeifer 1993)

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+ ==Timeline==

+ * 14th century – The parallel ''abhanden'' appears in Middle German.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 15th century – ''vorhanden'' is first recorded.^(Kluge 2011|963)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(DWB|26, 1153)

+ * 1537 – Dasypodius translates ''extare'' with ''vorhanden sein''.^(DWB|26, 1153)

+ * 16th century – Luther uses it for “at hand” and “imminent”.^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|existing]], [[m|en|available]], present: ''Die vorhandenen Plätze reichen für alle Gäste.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)^(Wiktionary DE)

+ # ''(colloquial)'' ''für jemanden nicht mehr vorhanden sein'': to be ignored by someone.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Hand]]

+ * [[abhanden]]

+ * [[zuhanden]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}