Abschnitt German · revision 36110

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 1300, Passional|origins=gem-pro *snīþaną}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈapˌʃnɪt/, [ˈʔapˌʃnɪtʰ]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Abschnitt''' ''m'' (genitive Abschnittes or Abschnitts, plural Abschnitte, diminutive Abschnittchen n)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|abesnit]], the noun of [[abschneiden]] “to cut off”, formed from [[ab-]] and [[Schnitt]] “cut”.^(Wiktionary)^(DWB2|1, 855)^(Paul 2002)^(DWB|1, 108) The verb is [[gmh|abesnīden]], [[goh|abasnīdan]].^(Köbler MHD)^(Paul 2002)

+

+ The base [[schneiden]] continues [[m|goh|snīdan]], from [[gem-pro|*snīþaną]], the same verb as [[got|𐍃𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽|tr=sneiþan]], [[non|sníða]], [[ang|snīþan]] and [[nl|snijden]].^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Köbler AHD) Outside Germanic Pfeifer can only point to [[cs|snět|t=branch]] in Czech dialects and older [[pl|śniat|t=tree trunk]], which would give a root [[ine-pro|*sneit-|t=to cut]], but he warns that so few comparisons make the root doubtful.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The DWB revision's first record is a noun of action in the ''Passional'' (about 1300): God's mercy has taken away the sinner's wrongdoing ''mit der genaden abesnit'', by the cutting away of grace.^(DWB2|1, 855) A 14th-century gloss uses ''absnith'' for the cut-off branches (Latin ''sarmenta'') of Acts 28:3.^(AWB|1, 13)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Early records show the noun for the act of cutting off (1541), for the cut surface (1491, of a vine) and for an offcut or scrap (15th century).^(DWB2|1, 855) Dürer used it in geometry for a segment (1525), and Paul dates the senses “section of a text” and “phase of time” from the 18th century.^(DWB2|1, 855)^(Paul 2002) The German Wiktionary notes its 17th-century use in fortification, for separating ditches and the parts they protect.^(Wiktionary DE) Russian borrowed it as ''абшнит'' (1762, part of a fortification).^(LWP)

+

+ In 1801 Campe offered ''Abschnitt'' as a German word for the coupon of a bond, and the sense “tear-off part of a form” followed.^(DWB2|1, 855) From the 19th century the army used it for a sector of the front, and the GDR for a residential district.^(DWB2|1, 855)^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * about 1300 – First record, in the ''Passional''.^(DWB2|1, 855)

+ * 1491 – The sense “cut surface” appears.^(DWB2|1, 855)

+ * 1525 – Dürer uses it for a geometric segment.^(DWB2|1, 855)

+ * 1740 – Breitinger heads a part of his book “der erste Abschnitt”.^(DWB2|1, 855)

+ * 1762 – Russian ''абшнит'' is borrowed for part of a fortification.^(LWP)

+ * 1781 – Adelung divides the history of German into six ''Abschnitte'', periods.^(DWB2|1, 855)

+ * 1801 – Campe uses it for the coupon of a bond.^(DWB2|1, 855)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|section]] of a text, a chapter or [[m|en|passage]]: ''Im dritten Abschnitt beschreibt die Autorin ihre Kindheit.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A section of an area or terrain: ''ein gesperrter Abschnitt der Autobahn'';^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE) ''(GDR)'' a residential district.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+ # A [[m|en|period]], a phase of time: ''Mit dem Umzug nach Leipzig begann ein neuer Abschnitt ihres Lebens.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+ # A piece cut off.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+ # A detachable part of a form, ticket or the like, a [[m|en|stub]] or [[m|en|coupon]].^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary DE)

+ # ''(mathematics)'' A [[m|en|segment]], as of a circle.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[abschnittweise]]

+ * [[Lebensabschnitt]]

+ * [[Zeitabschnitt]]

+ * [[Streckenabschnitt]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Aufschnitt]]

+ * [[Durchschnitt]]

+ * [[Unterabschnitt]]

+ * [[abschneiden]]

+ * [[schneiden]]

+ * [[Schnitt]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}