pergrandis Latin · revision 36107

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la grandis}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [pɛrˈɡran.dɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [perˈɡran.dis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pergrandis''' (neuter pergrande); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|per-|grandis|t1=very|t2=large]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists it among the derivatives of [[m|la|grandis]], from Plautus on.^(de Vaan 2008) He finds the origin of ⟨grandis⟩ unclear: Walde–Hofmann and Pokorny connected [[grc|βρένθος|tr=brénthos|t=pride]] and a Slavic word for the breast, but he rejects the sound change and the meanings as gratuitous, and finds Vennemann's proposal that ⟨grandis⟩ and [[eu|handi|t=big]] are survivors of an old Vasconic substrate too dependent on ad hoc assumptions.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) whose ''Persa'' has a promise of news from which the hearer could make a very large profit, ''pergrande lucrum''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means very large, of amounts of money, of size and of age.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Cicero uses it in the Verrines of a very large sum of money and of a ladle cut from a single huge gem, and in his speech on the agrarian law of a very heavy tax.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Livy has ''pergrandis natu'', of very advanced age, said of a king's brother.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Nonius explains a kind of ship as very large, and the Vulgate has Joshua set up a very large stone.^(TLL) Lewis and Short call it rare, though classical.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ British medieval writers used it for very large in size and in number or importance:^(DMLBS) Bede writes of an island in a very large lake from which the Derwent rises, and William of Malmesbury uses the neuter plural as a noun, great things.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a very large profit.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a large sum and of a huge gem.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses ''pergrandis natu'', very old.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it of a very large stone.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Very large, [[m|en|huge]] (in size or amount).^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # (with ''natu'') Of very advanced [[m|en|age]].^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Very great in number or importance;^(DMLBS) (neuter plural as noun) great things.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[grandis]]

+ * [[praegrandis]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}