recoquo Latin · revision 36085

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *pekʷ-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈrɛ.kɔ.kʷoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈrɛː.ko.kʷo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''recoquō''' (present infinitive recoquere, perfect active recoxī, supine recoctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ A manuscript of Virgil has the spelling ⟨requoquont⟩ for ⟨recoquunt⟩.^(Georges 1913)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|re-|coquō|t1=again|t2=to cook]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) [[m|la|coquō]] goes back to [[itc-pro|*kʷekʷe/o-|t=to cook]] and [[ine-pro|*pekʷ-e/o-|t=to cook]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sa|पचन्ति|tr=pácanti|t=they cook]], [[grc|πέσσω|tr=péssō|t=to cook]] and [[lt|kèpti|t=to bake]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cicero's dialogue on old age has the speaker say that no one would easily boil him young again as Pelias was boiled;^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Catullus in the same period calls an old man ''recoctus'', boiled young again.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is to cook again so as to renew or rework something, with the story of Pelias in the background:^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Valerius Flaccus uses it of parents worn out by age.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Horace jokes about a scribe recast from a minor official, and Petronius has an old woman soaked in wine.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Quintilian writes that Cicero handed himself over to Apollonius Molo to be shaped and, as it were, recast.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In practical use Seneca has wool boiled again in the dye, Pliny the Elder wax and medicines boiled down again, Statius raisin wine, and Martial a lump smoked in the Velabrum.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ It also meant to heat again or melt down, especially metal:^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Virgil has men recasting their fathers' swords in furnaces and greaves of refined electrum and gold, and Florus slaves who made swords and spears from the iron of their prisons.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Pliny the Elder uses it of charcoal and of copper that is fired again.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of boiling a man young again, like Pelias.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus calls an old man ''recoctus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of recasting swords.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of wool boiled in dye.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian uses it of Cicero's training.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 120 AD – Florus uses it of slaves forging weapons.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To cook or boil again, so as to renew or rework; to [[m|en|rehash]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # (figurative, alluding to Pelias) To make young again; to recast, remould.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # To heat again; to [[m|en|melt]] down, [[m|en|recast]] (metal).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[coquō]]

+ * [[dēcoquō]]

+ * [[excoquō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}