particulatim Latin · revision 36049

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=116–27 BC, Varro|origins=itc-pro *parti-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''particulātim''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|particula|-ātim|t1=small part]].^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) De Vaan lists it among the derivatives of [[m|la|pars|t=part]], which goes back to [[itc-pro|*parti-|t=part]]; he reports Schrijver's view that this was a pre-Latin formation on the present stem of [[m|la|pariō|t=to bring forth]], first meaning “lot, portion”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and the TLL find it first in Varro,^(Köbler 2010)^(TLL) who uses it in the ''De re rustica'' for piece by piece.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The TLL finds it in prose from Varro, the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' and Seneca, and in verse only in Lucretius and Prudentius.^(TLL) It means bit by bit, piecemeal, or one by one, severally:^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' contrasts telling a story ''summatim, non particulatim'', in summary rather than in detail,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) Lucretius has the dying leaving the light little by little, and Seneca uses it of torturing someone piece by piece.^(Conte 2010)^(Gaffiot 2016) Columella says that a flock recovers more easily a part at a time than all together, and the ''Digest'' that a servitude follows every part of an estate even when it is sold off in parts.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lactantius sets it against ''ubique'', “everywhere”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ An Old English gloss renders it with ''styccimelum'', “piecemeal”,^(TLL) and Old High German glosses with words such as ''stukkon''.^(Köbler 2010) British medieval writers used it for in small portions and for gradually, as in Domesday Book.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it in the ''De re rustica''.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86/82 BC – The ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' contrasts it with ''summatim''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of the dying.^(Conte 2010)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it of a flock recovering.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 533 AD – The ''Digest'' uses it of an estate sold in parts.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # Bit by bit, [[m|en|piecemeal]], little by little.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+ # One by one, singly, [[m|en|severally]]; in detail.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[particula]]

+ * [[pars]]

+ * [[partim]]

+ * [[articulātim]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}