Pause German · revision 35964

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1275, Middle High German charter|origins=grc παύω}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈpaʊ̯zə/, [ˈpaʊ̯zə]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Pause''' ''f'' (genitive Pause, plural Pausen, diminutive Päuschen n or (Austria, Bavaria) Pauserl n)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|pūse]], [[bor|fro|pause]], from [[la|pausa|t=halt, stop, end]], from [[grc|παῦσις|tr=paûsis|t=rest, ceasing]], from [[m|grc|παύω|tr=paúō|t=to make cease, stop]].^(Kluge 2011|690)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler MHD) Pfeifer, Paul and the DFWB give the French source as [[m|fro|pose|t=rest, period of time]], a noun of [[m|fro|poser|t=to rest, to stop working]], from [[la-lat|pausō|t=to halt, rest]].^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Paul 2002)^(DFWB) Kluge dates the borrowing to the 14th century, and the DFWB places it in Middle High German times.^(Kluge 2011|690)^(DFWB) The same word is [[nl|pauze]], [[en|pause]], [[fr|pause]] and [[sv|paus]].^(Kluge 2011|690)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Middle High German ''pūse'' “pause, rest” is first recorded in a charter of 1275 and then in Ottokar's ''Reimchronik'' (early 14th century), which has ''âne aller sûmung pûse'', “without any pause for delay”.^(Köbler MHD)^(DFWB) The glossaries of the 14th to 16th centuries record it often and explain it with ''rast'', ''ruwe'' and ''wîle''.^(DFWB)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In the 15th century it took a special sense in the theatre and in music, the prescribed silence in playing or singing and the sign for it: about 1400 Vintler advises a speaker to make ''ain pause mitterlaich'', “a moderate pause”, and in 1481 singers are told to keep an even pace and ''pauszen''.^(DFWB)^(DWB|13, 1514) Adelung still names music as its chief field.^(Adelung 1793) The verb [[pausieren]] is recorded in 1449.^(Paul 2002) Today it is also the break between school lessons and a rest from work.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(DFWB)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1275 – Middle High German ''pūse'' appears in a charter.^(Köbler MHD)

+ * Early 14th century – Ottokar's ''Reimchronik'' uses ''pûse''.^(DFWB)

+ * c. 1400 – Vintler uses the word of a pause in speaking.^(DFWB)^(DWB|13, 1514)

+ * 1449 – First record of ''pausieren''.^(Paul 2002)

+ * 1481 – The word is used of pauses in singing.^(DFWB)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A short [[m|en|break]] in an activity for rest: ''In der großen Pause essen die Kinder ihr Brot.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A brief, often unintended [[m|en|interruption]] or silence: ''Nach einer langen Pause antwortete sie.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(music)'' A [[m|en|rest]], a part of a bar without notes; also the sign for it.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007)

+ # ''(prosody)'' A beat required by the metre but not filled by speech.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Pausenbrot]]

+ * [[Pausenhof]]

+ * [[pausenlos]]

+ * [[Atempause]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pausieren]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A second noun ''Pause'' “tracing” belongs to the verb ''pausen'' “to trace”, recorded from the 18th century.^(Kluge 2011|690)^(Wiktionary) Kluge derives the verb from [[fr|poncer|t=to rub with pumice, to pounce]], since lines were traced by dusting charcoal through pricked holes, while the DFWB sees a blend of that verb with [[m|fr|ébaucher|t=to sketch]].^(Kluge 2011|690)^(DFWB) Campe (1807) records the noun as ''Bause'', and the compound ''Pauspapier'' dates from the end of the 19th century.^(DFWB)^(Duden 7 2020|616)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}