colluvies Latin · revision 35911

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *(le-)louh3-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kɔlˈlʊ.wi.eːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [kolˈluː.vi.es]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''colluviēs''' ''f'' (genitive colluviēī); fifth declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ⟨conluviēs⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|colluō|-iēs|t1=to wash out, rinse]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Georges 1913) De Vaan counts the compounds in ⟨-luere⟩ among the forms of [[m|la|lavō|t=to wash]], which goes back to [[itc-pro|*lowa-]] and [[ine-pro|*(le-)louh3-|t=to wash]].^(de Vaan 2008) The noun [[m|la|colluviō]] has the same meaning.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found first in Cicero's letters to Atticus,^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) in a passage Georges and Gaffiot ascribe to Atticus himself, of reigning in the coming chaos, ''in ea colluvie regnare''.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its literal sense is collected muck or filth, refuse and sewage:^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Seneca contrasts the purer air with the filth of the earth, Columella mentions the dung-laden refuse of the farmyard and the baths, and Pliny the Elder uses it of pigswill.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) Figuratively it was a cesspool of conditions, a confused medley or chaos,^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) and a rabble of worthless people: Tacitus says that the builders of a city's walls had been swelled by a great rabble and by the ruin of other cities, and Justin has a mob of people gathered from everywhere.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ Later it meant moral filth, as in Augustine's cesspool of the worst habits.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016) British medieval glossaries use it for a gutter.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero's letters use it for political chaos.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of the filth of the earth.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it of farmyard refuse.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of a rabble.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 354–430 AD – Augustine uses it of moral filth.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Collected muck, [[m|en|filth]]; [[m|en|refuse]], [[m|en|sewage]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # Pigswill.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(figurative)'' A [[m|en|cesspool]], confused medley, chaos.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(figurative)'' A [[m|en|rabble]] of worthless people.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|gutter]].^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[colluviō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}