Regel German · revision 35866

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 800, Old High German Benedictine Rule|origins=la regō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * [ˈʁeːɡl̩]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''Regel''' ''f'' (genitive Regel, plural Regeln)^(Wiktionary)

+ Beside ''Regel'' the older language had the learned form ''Regul'', still used in the 17th and 18th centuries under the influence of Latin and of ''regulieren''.^(DWB|14, 496)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|regel|alt=regel(e)]], [[inh|goh|regula]], [[bor|la-med|regula|t=monastic rule]], borrowed first as a word of monastic life.^(Kluge 2011|753)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020|681) The source is [[la|rēgula|t=straight stick, ruler, standard, rule]], from [[m|la|regō|t=to make straight, direct, rule]].^(Kluge 2011|753)^(Pfeifer 1993) Kluge notes that its vowel had already been shortened in Medieval Latin, and Pfeifer infers a short vowel from the Germanic borrowings.^(Kluge 2011|753)^(Pfeifer 1993) [[ang|regol]], [[non|regla]] and [[nl|regel]] are the same borrowing, and so is [[en|rule]].^(Kluge 2011|753)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ Old High German [[m|goh|rigil|t=bar, bolt]], now [[Riegel]], was borrowed separately, from a Vulgar Latin form of the same word meaning “lath, bar”.^(EWA|7, 281)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Old High German ''regula'' is recorded about 800 in the Benedictine Rule and then in Otfrid and in glosses from the 11th century, meaning a monastic rule, a rule or guideline, and also a verse form.^(Köbler AHD)^(EWA|7, 281)^(Schützeichel 2012|256)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From the rule of a monastic order the word passed to rules and norms in general;^(Paul 2002)^(DWB|14, 496) Luther kept it for the teachings of Jesus.^(Paul 2002)^(DWB|14, 496) The other senses of the Latin word were gradually taken over.^(Duden 7 2020|681) Adelung (1793) still records the sense “ruler”, for drawing straight lines, in some kinds of popular speech.^(Adelung 1793|3, 1020) The colloquial sense “menstruation”, after its regular recurrence, is recorded from 1829, and ''in der Regel'' “usually” is found in Schiller.^(Paul 2002)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ The verb [[regeln]] is dated by the Duden dictionary to the 16th century and by Pfeifer and Paul to the later 18th century.^(Duden 7 2020|681)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Paul 2002) [[regelmäßig]] appears in the 17th century and [[regelrecht]] at the beginning of the 18th.^(Duden 7 2020|681)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 800 – Old High German ''regula'' appears in the translation of the Benedictine Rule.^(Köbler AHD)

+ * 2nd half of the 17th century – ''regelmäßig'' “according to rules” is recorded.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * Early 18th century – ''regelrecht'' is recorded.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020|681)

+ * 2nd half of the 18th century – The verb ''regeln'' becomes current.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 1829 – First record of the sense “menstruation”.^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|rule]], a norm or [[m|en|regulation]] valid for a particular area: ''die Regeln des Schachspiels''.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(without plural)'' The usual practice, the norm: ''Das ist bei uns die Regel.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|menstruation]], a woman's period.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[regeln]]

+ * [[Regler]]

+ * [[Regelung]]

+ * [[regelmäßig]]

+ * [[regelrecht]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[regulieren]]

+ * [[regulär]]

+ * [[Riegel]]

+ * [[regieren]]

+ * [[en|rule]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Keine Regel ohne Ausnahme'' “no rule without an exception” is a saying found in Grabbe.^(Paul 2002)^(Duden GWDS 1999) ''Die goldene Regel'' is the precept of Matthew 7:12, ''nach allen Regeln der Kunst'' means “properly, by the book” or colloquially “thoroughly”, and ''in der Regel'' or ''in aller Regel'' means “as a rule”.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(EWA|7, 281)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}