hydria Latin · revision 35861

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=grc ὑδρία}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈhy.dri.a]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈiː.dri.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''hydria''' ''f'' (genitive hydriae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Manuscripts often spell it with ⟨y-⟩, ⟨hi-⟩ or ⟨i-⟩, but inscriptions always have ⟨hy-⟩.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|ὑδρία|tr=hudría|t=water pot, urn]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010) Georges notes that the native Latin word was [[urna]], and that Cicero uses the Greek one only when speaking of Greek settings.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found first in Cicero's speeches against Verres, of costly silver vessels given to Verres and of an urn into which lots were thrown in an election of priests.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The word named a water pot, often an ornamental one offered in temples,^(OLD 2012) and then a jar or urn of any kind:^(Georges 1913) Vitruvius has the vessel of water carried to the temple in Egyptian rites, inscriptions use it of cinerary urns in tombs, and Sulpicius Severus of a jar for meal.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In the Latin Bible it renders Greek ''hydria'' throughout, as in the story of Rebecca's water jar in Genesis 24.^(TLL) Cassiodorus calls the psalms jars that hold the heavenly wine.^(TLL) In medieval Latin it was also a measure of liquids,^(Niermeyer 1976) and in Ecclesiastical Latin it means a water jar.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of silver vessels and of an urn for lots.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of a water vessel in Egyptian temple rites.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it for the water jars of Genesis and other books.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)

+ * c. 363–c. 420 AD – Sulpicius Severus uses it of a jar for meal.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ * c. 485–c. 580 AD – Cassiodorus compares the psalms to jars of wine.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A water [[m|en|pot]], [[m|en|ewer]], often an ornamental one used for offerings in temples.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A jar or [[m|en|urn]] of any kind, including one for drawing lots and a cinerary urn.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|measure]] of liquids.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[urna]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Hydria'' was also the title of a comedy by Menander, which Quintilian mentions.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}