inaestimabilis Latin · revision 35809

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero (81–43 BC)|origins=la aestimō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪ.nae̯s.tɪˈmaː.bɪ.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [i.nes.tiˈmaː.bi.lis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''inaestimābilis''' (neuter inaestimābile); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|aestimābilis|t1=not|t2=that can be valued]],^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) and [[m|la|aestimābilis]] is formed from [[m|la|aestimō|t=to value, estimate]].^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ The TLL records the spelling ⟨inextimabilis⟩ in a Christian inscription and in some manuscripts.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cicero uses it in his account of Stoic ethics for what does not deserve to be valued, the opposite of ''aestimābile''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Livy it means that which cannot be estimated or reckoned, such as the mood of the crowd, and more often something incalculably great or [[m|en|precious]], like an immense joy.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The jurists use it of things that have no price in money: ''lībertās inaestimābilis rēs est'', “freedom is a thing beyond valuation”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Ecclesiastical Latin uses it for “priceless, inestimable”.^(Stelten 1995) In medieval Latin it also meant “innumerable”, “incomprehensible, miraculous” and “worse than one could imagine”.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it as a Stoic term for what has no value.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–AD 17 – Livy uses it for what cannot be reckoned and for something incalculably great.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Medieval Latin – It comes to mean “innumerable” and “miraculous”.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # That cannot be [[m|en|estimate|alt=estimated]] or judged.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(law)'' Not to be reckoned in money.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|inestimable|alt=Inestimable]], incalculably great or [[m|en|precious]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(philosophy)'' Not deserving to be valued, worthless.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' [[m|en|innumerable|alt=Innumerable]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Incomprehensible, [[m|en|miraculous]]; worse than one could imagine.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aestimābilis]]

+ * [[aestimō]]

+ * [[inaestimātus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}