lustralis Latin · revision 35797

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la lūstrum}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɫuːsˈtraː.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [lusˈtraː.lis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lūstrālis''' (neuter lūstrāle); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|lūstrum#2|-ālis|t1=purificatory sacrifice; period of five years]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan reconstructs that noun as [[itc-pro|*lūstro-|t=expiation]] and, following Serbat, derives it from the root of [[m|la|luō|t=to set free, atone]]; he finds the older derivation from the root of [[m|la|lūx|t=light]] unsupported by the meaning of the rite.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Virgil's ''Aeneid'', where Aeneas eats of the entrails of a sacrifice offered for purification.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense belongs to the language of ritual: Livy has ''sacrificium lūstrāle'', a sacrifice of purification, Ovid ''aqua lūstrālis'', water used for cleansing, and Valerius Flaccus lustral vows;^(Lewis & Short 1879) the OLD adds that offerings so called served to avert evil.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Since the ''lūstrum'' was performed every five years, the adjective also came to mean “quinquennial”: Tacitus speaks of a ''lūstrāle certāmen'', a contest held every five years.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Late Latin ''aurum lūstrāle'' was a tax levied every five years on small traders, moneylenders and brothel-keepers, and an inscription calls its collector ''lūstrālis''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ British medieval writers used it for “holy” (of water), for something that can be walked round, and as a noun for a circuit or track, and also for a post used to keep watch.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of sacrificial entrails offered for purification.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy speaks of a sacrifice of purification.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid writes of lustral water.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of a contest held every five years.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Relating to ritual [[m|en|purification]], [[m|en|lustral]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) (of offerings) serving to avert evil.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Happening every five years, [[m|en|quinquennial]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' ''aurum lūstrāle'': a [[m|en|tax]] collected every five years from traders.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' That can be walked round;^(DMLBS) used for keeping [[m|en|watch]].^(DMLBS)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' The collector of the ''aurum lūstrāle''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|circuit]], path, track.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lūstrum#2]]

+ * [[lūstrō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}