pellicula Latin · revision 35794

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 180–102 BC, Lucilius|origins=la pellis}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [pɛlˈlɪ.kʊ.ɫa]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [pelˈliː.ku.la]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pellicula''' ''f'' (genitive pelliculae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a diminutive, [[af|la|pellis|-cula|t1=skin, hide]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) That noun goes back to [[itc-pro|*pelni-]] and [[ine-pro|*pel-ni-|t=skin, hide]]; its cognates include [[lt|plėnė̃|t=membrane]], [[goh|fel]], [[ang|fell]] and [[non|fjall|t=hide]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and the OLD first record it in Lucilius,^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) of the skin of a living creature.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant both the skin of a living body and a skin stripped from an animal: Cicero has couches spread with kidskins, Juvenal calls the Golden Fleece a stolen ''pellicula'', and Celsus and Pliny the Elder use it of skin as a material for dressings and amulets.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Celsus also uses it of the skin of fruit.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Several sayings used it for a person's own self: Horace has ''pelliculam cūrāre'', to look after one's own comfort;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Martial tells a cobbler to keep within his own skin, that is, to stay in his own station;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Persius speaks of keeping one's old skin, alluding to the fable of the ass in the lion's skin.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Varro reports that rustics in the Atellan farces called a prostitute ''pellicula'',^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) a use the TLL compares with Spanish [[m|es|pelleja]], which also has that meaning.^(TLL)

+

+ British medieval writers used it for a membrane in anatomy and for the skin of grapes.^(DMLBS) English [[m|en|pellicle]] comes from the medieval word,^(Etymonline) and in New Latin it names a film.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it of the skin of a living creature.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro reports it as rustic slang for a prostitute.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of kidskins spread on couches.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace has the phrase ''pelliculam cūrāre''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it of the skin of fruit.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1400 – English borrows the medieval word as [[m|en|pellicle]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|skin]] of a living creature;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) the skin of a fruit.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A skin stripped from an animal, a [[m|en|hide]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) skin as a material.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(slang)'' A [[m|en|prostitute]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|membrane]].^(DMLBS)

+ # ''(New Latin)'' A [[m|en|film]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[pelliculō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The figurative phrases ''pelliculam cūrāre'' (“to look after oneself”) and ''in pelliculā suā tenēre'' (“to stay within one's own station”) are attested in Horace and Martial.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}