redivivus Latin · revision 35792

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la reduvia}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [rɛ.dɪˈwiː.wʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [re.diˈviː.vus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''redivīvus''' (feminine redivīva, neuter redivīvum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is apparently [[der|la|redivia|t=hangnail]], a form of [[m|la|reduvia|t=loose piece of skin round the nail]], with the suffix [[m|la|-īvus]].^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan lists it beside that noun among the derivatives of [[m|la|-uō|t=to put on]] (as in [[m|la|exuō]] and [[m|la|induō]]), which goes back to [[itc-pro|*ow-e/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₃eu-e/o-|t=to adorn, wear]].^(de Vaan 2008) The TLL also compares the noun and gives its first sense as “worn, used, left over”.^(TLL)

+

+ Georges and Wiktionary analyse it instead as [[m|la|re-|alt=red-]] and [[m|la|vīvus|t=alive]], the sense it took in Late Latin.^(Georges 1913)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in a building contract that Cicero quotes in the Verrines, where the contractor is to keep the ''redivīva'', the old materials, and in Cicero's own remark that a column was made new with no reused stone.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin it was a builders' word for materials used a second time:^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Catullus has a little bridge standing on reused planks, and Vitruvius contrasts reused rubble with new.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913) Festus explains it as something renewed from old.^(TLL)

+

+ Later it was taken to mean “renewed”: Ammianus speaks of wars that flare up again and of reappearing debts, and Corippus of renewed praise.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) Prudentius applies it to Christ come back to life,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) and in Ecclesiastical Latin it means “living again”.^(Stelten 1995) Glossaries render it with Greek [[m|grc|παλίνζωος|tr=palínzōos]], and manuscripts often confuse it with [[m|la|recidīvus]].^(TLL) It survives in [[m|it|redivivo]] and [[m|es|redivivo]], and English has borrowed [[m|en|redivivus]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of reused building stone.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus writes of a bridge on reused planks.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius contrasts reused rubble with new.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 348/49–c. 413 AD – Prudentius uses it of Christ restored to life.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 390 AD – Ammianus uses it of wars renewed.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Used again, [[m|en|second-hand]] (of building materials);^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''(neuter as noun)'' reused materials.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' [[m|en|renew|alt=Renewed]], revived.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' Restored to life, living again.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}