fastidiosus Latin · revision 35785

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la fastīdium}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [fas.tiː.diˈoː.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [fas.ti.diˈɔː.s̬us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fastīdiōsus''' (feminine fastīdiōsa, neuter fastīdiōsum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|fastīdium|-ōsus|t1=disdain, aversion]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan explains that noun as a compound of [[m|la|fastus#2|t=haughtiness]] and the root of [[m|la|taedet|t=it wearies]], shortened by haplology.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline) He adds that the only reasonable connection for that noun is with a word for “top”, which would need a shift of meaning from “top” to “haughtiness”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Plautus on,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) meaning “hard to please”: in the ''Miles gloriosus'' a speaker is worried because someone is so particular.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It described people who feel disgust or aversion: Lucilius uses it of being squeamish about food, and Varro of cows that turn fussy.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) More often it meant hard to satisfy, exacting, or, with a genitive, discontented with something; the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' calls the sense of hearing the most fastidious.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero uses it of haughty, disdainful minds that cannot bear the least authority.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Horace has it in the active sense of something wearisome or nauseating.^(OLD 2012) In Ecclesiastical Latin it means fastidious or disdainful.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|fastidious]], first “full of pride”, comes from it,^(Etymonline) and it survives in [[m|it|fastidioso]] and as the learned [[m|fr|fastidieux]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a person hard to please.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it of squeamishness about food.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of haughty minds.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of something nauseating.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-15th century – English borrows it as [[m|en|fastidious]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|squeamish|alt=Squeamish]], showing aversion to food.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Hard to satisfy, [[m|en|exacting]], particular;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) (with genitive) not content with.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|haughty|alt=Haughty]], [[m|en|disdainful]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Wearisome, [[m|en|nauseating]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fastīdium]]

+ * [[fastīdiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}