exardeo Latin · revision 35737

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=390–406 AD, Vulgate|origins=la ārdeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛkˈsaːr.de.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eɡˈzar.de.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exārdeō''' (present infinitive exārdēre, perfect active exārsī, supine exārsum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ The perfect forms are listed under [[exārdēscō]], since the two verbs share them.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|ārdeō|t2=to burn]].^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) [[m|la|ārdeō]] is itself derived from [[m|la|āridus|t=dry]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in the Vulgate, in the book of Sirach, where a fire will blaze up in the assembly of sinners.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The Vulgate uses it for fire blazing^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and of feelings that flare up: anger that is kindled in a short while in the Psalms, and burning with desire in Romans.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL notes that the Vulgate's Sirach uses both this verb and [[m|la|exārdēscō]].^(TLL) A poem of Felix in the Latin Anthology uses it of marble that shines,^(TLL) and a commentary on the Psalms ascribed to Jerome uses it transitively, of a fire that burns those who turn away from God's commandments.^(TLL)

+

+ In medieval Latin it meant to blaze or burn, as in the ''Carmina Burana'', and to be inflamed, of a bishop burning with zeal in Adam of Bremen.^(MLW)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate uses it of fire blazing and of anger and desire.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1075 – Adam of Bremen uses it of zeal.^(MLW)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To [[m|en|blaze]], burn fiercely.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To be [[m|en|inflame|alt=inflamed]], flare up (of anger or desire).^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(MLW)

+ # To shine.^(TLL)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To burn.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ārdeō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}