siligineus Latin · revision 35726

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=la silīgō}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''silīgineus''' (feminine silīginea, neuter silīgineum); first/second-declension adjective^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|silīgō|-eus|t1=a fine, soft wheat]].^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)^(Georges 1913) De Vaan lists both words, attested from Cato on, among the derivatives he groups under [[m|la|silex|t=flint]], while doubting that the words of that group belong together at all.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It first appears in Cato's ''De agricultura'', in ''farīna silīginea'', flour of the finest wheat.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Besides flour it describes bread of fine wheat: Varro, quoted by Nonius, says that to the hungry coarse bread seems white wheaten bread,^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Seneca and the ''Historia Augusta'' speak of such bread too.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Martial uses it of loaves baked in an obscene shape.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) A late form ''silīgnus'' is found in Dynamius.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In medieval Britain the grain it referred to was probably rye, and ''panis silīgineus'' was a coarse bread eaten by the poor or by ascetics.^(DMLBS) Du Cange likewise explains the medieval bread as made from rye.^(Du Cange 1883)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato speaks of flour of the finest wheat.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro contrasts coarse bread with white wheaten bread.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca mentions wheaten bread.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial uses it of loaves of obscene shape.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Made of ''silīgō'', the finest [[m|en|wheat]], or of its flour; [[m|en|wheaten]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Made of [[m|en|rye]]; of [[m|en|rye bread]].^(DMLBS)^(Du Cange 1883)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}