derigesco Latin · revision 35724

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la rigeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [deː.rɪˈɡeːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [de.riˈd͡ʒɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dērigēscō''' (present infinitive dērigēscere, perfect active dēriguī); third conjugation, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|dē-|rigēscō|t2=to stiffen]];^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) manuscripts often have ⟨dīr-⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) [[m|la|rigēscō]] is the inchoative of [[m|la|rigeō|t=to be stiff]], which de Vaan traces to [[ine-pro|*Hriǵ-eh₁-|t=to be stretched, be stiff]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is a poetic word, first found in Virgil,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) who says of terrified men that the blood froze with fear (''formīdine sanguis dēriguit'').^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It occurs almost only in the perfect, of becoming stiff or rigid, usually through fear or a similar shock.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Virgil and Ovid use it of eyes that become fixed and of hair standing on end, Ovid of a stiffening neck, and Lucan of hands.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) In prose the elder Seneca uses it of the mind, and Pacatus' panegyric of stiffening in death.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ Medieval writers applied it to the rigidity of death and of spasms and, figuratively, to being stunned with amazement or horror; they also used it transitively, “to make stiff”.^(MLW)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of blood freezing with fear.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of hair standing on end.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To become [[m|en|stiff]] or [[m|en|rigid]], to [[m|en|freeze]] (usually with fear); of eyes, to become fixed; of hair, to stand on end.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' To be stunned with amazement or horror.^(MLW)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' To make stiff or rigid.^(MLW)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}