scato Latin · revision 35720

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *skt-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈska.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈskaː.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''scatō''' (present infinitive scatere, perfect active scatuī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+ The second-conjugation form ''scateō, scatēre'' is the usual one; third-conjugation forms occur in Ennius and Plautus and regularly in Lucretius.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*skat-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*skt-]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[lt|skàsti|t=to jump]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) For the step from “jump” to “gush forth” de Vaan compares English [[m|en|spring]]; he thinks ⟨scat-⟩ may be a secondary vocalization of ⟨*skt-⟩, whereas Schrijver hesitantly considered [[m|ine-pro|*sket-]], for which there is no evidence of an e-grade, and the LIV a root [[m|ine-pro|*skHt-]].^(de Vaan 2008) Wiktionary also mentions a possible link with [[gem-pro|*skeutaną|t=to shoot]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan records it from Plautus on,^(de Vaan 2008) who has a flute-girl able to drink the fountain Pirene dry by herself “if it gushed with wine”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Of liquids it means to gush or well forth: Ennius speaks of springs gushing, Lucretius of a fresh-water spring in the sea, and Seneca of veins of hot water; it is also used of fire and light.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) With the ablative a place gushes with water, as Livy's citadel with springs.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ From this it came to mean “to swarm, teem, abound”, with the ablative or the genitive: Lucretius says the earth still teems with wild beasts, Horace speaks of a sea swarming with monsters, and Pliny the Elder of Spain full of mines.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) Of persons it means to bubble over with feelings or words, as in Gellius and Fronto.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a fountain gushing with wine.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of springs gushing.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses the third-conjugation forms, of springs and of the earth teeming with beasts.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace speaks of a sea swarming with monsters.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 165 AD – Gellius uses it of people bubbling over with words.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # Of liquids, to [[m|en|gush]] forth, [[m|en|spring]], [[m|en|well]]; also of fire and light.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Georges 1913)

+ # With the ablative, to gush with a liquid.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|swarm]], [[m|en|teem]], abound (with the ablative or genitive).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Conte 2010)

+ # Of persons, to bubble over with feelings, words or ideas.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[scatebra]]

+ * [[scaturrex]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}