stips Latin · revision 3572

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=itc-pro *stip-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈstɪps]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈstips]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''stips''' ''f'' (genitive stipis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*stip-|t=stalk]], perhaps from [[ine-pro|*stip-|t=stalk]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan suggests that a concrete object used in payments, perhaps a stalk, gave the meaning “payment”.^(de Vaan 2008) [[stipendium|alt=Stīpendium]] “pay” comes from *stipi-pendium by haplology, and [[stipulor|alt=stipulārī]] “to bargain” from [[stipula]] “straw”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Etymonline)

+

+ Compare [[xum|stiplo|t=stipulate]].^(de Vaan 2008) Lewis and Short and Georges connect it with [[stipo|alt=stīpō]] “to pack”, as coins in a heap.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan finds it from Plautus onwards,^(de Vaan 2008) and Köbler from Ennius.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It was a small offering of money, usually to a common fund, especially for religious purposes, as when Livy has the people bring Apollo an offering in proportion to their means.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) ''Stipem cogere'' was to collect such offerings, as in Cicero, and it also meant a small coin, a fee, alms, and gain.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

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+ The nominative singular is hardly attested.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Medieval Latin it also meant a benefice.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses ''stipem cogere'', “to collect offerings”.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy describes an offering to Apollo.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''stipend'' comes from its derivative ''stipendium''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A small offering of money, a contribution, a gift.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|Alms]], [[m|en|charity]].^(Wiktionary)^(Georges 1913)

+ # A small coin; a fee; gain.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|benefice]].^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[stīpendium]]

+ * [[stīpes]]

+ * [[stipō]]

+ * [[stipula]]

+ * [[stipulor]]

+ * [[stipulus]]

+ * [[en|stipend]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}