subrigo Latin · revision 35713

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *h₃reǵ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈsʊb.rɪ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsub.ri.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''subrigō''' (present infinitive subrigere, perfect active subrēxī, supine subrēctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|sub-|regō|t1=up from under|t2=to direct, keep straight]],^(OLD 2012)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014)^(Georges 1913) also spelled ⟨surr-⟩; the contracted form [[surgō]] is normally used for the intransitive senses.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) [[m|la|regō]] goes back to [[itc-pro|*reg-e/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₃reǵ-|t=to stretch, direct]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its earliest use in the OLD is intransitive, in Cicero's poem on Marius, where Jupiter's winged attendant rises from the trunk of a tree, piercing a snake with its talons.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Transitively it means to raise something into an upright position: Virgil has a monster pricking up as many ears as it has feathers, Livy a soldier with his sword point raised, Seneca standards held aloft and towers built up on both sides of a villa.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) In the passive it means “to stand up”, as the hair of angry people, in Seneca, or the branches of trees in Pliny the Elder.^(OLD 2012)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014) Seneca also uses it of earthquakes raising level ground.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014)

+

+ Later Ambrose uses it of training up a vine, and Augustine figuratively of raising monks up to a ruinous pride.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a bird rising aloft.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of ears pricked up.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–AD 17 – Livy uses it of a raised sword point.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of hair standing on end.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 340–397 AD – Ambrose uses it of a vine.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 354–430 AD – Augustine uses it figuratively, of raising monks to pride.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(transitive)'' To raise to an upright position, [[m|en|erect]]; to prick up (the ears); to tilt upwards.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(passive)'' To stand up, stand on end.^(OLD 2012)^(Bianchi & Lelli 2014)

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To [[m|en|rise]] up, rise aloft.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}