hornus Latin · revision 35691

+ {{infobox|confidence=disputed|formation=inherited, derivation|attested=116–27 BC, Varro|origins=itc-pro *hōrnos}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈhoːr.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈɔr.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''hōrnus''' (feminine hōrna, neuter hōrnum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Its origin is uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) It is perhaps [[inh|itc-pro|*hōrnos]], from earlier [[m|itc-pro|*hojōrnos]],^(Wiktionary) and most scholars explain it as a derivative of a phrase meaning “this year”, made of the pronoun stem seen in [[hodie|alt=hodiē]] and [[ine-pro|*yóh₁r̥|t=year]], the source of [[en|year]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) [[goh|hiuru|t=this year]] is a parallel formation.^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan notes that the uninflected pronoun and the short vowel of the suffix are hard to explain.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Szemerényi instead derived it from Greek, as a reshaping of [[grc|ὥριμος|tr=hṓrimos|t=ripe, timely]] or of a similar adjective; de Vaan points out that the word is used mainly of crops and yield, so that it seems to mean “of the season” rather than “of this year”.^(de Vaan 2008) Lewis and Short had already connected it with [[m|grc|ὥρα|tr=hṓra|t=season]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and Georges record it first in a fragment of Varro, of the year's harvest,^(Köbler 2010)^(Georges 1913) while de Vaan lists Horace as the first author;^(de Vaan 2008) it means “of this year, this year's”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is used of what is grown, born or produced in the current year, above all crops and their yield:^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) Horace has ''horna fruge'', “with this year's grain”, ''horna vina'' and ''horna palea'', and Propertius this year's lambs.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis and Short note that Cicero does not use it but has [[hornotinus|alt=hornōtinus]];^(Lewis & Short 1879) Döderlein likewise calls ''hornus'' the poetic word and ''hornotinus'' the prose one.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ Calpurnius uses it as a noun for the year's yield of wool, milk or cheese.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of the year's harvest.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of this year's grain and wine.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 57/46–12 BC – Propertius uses it of this year's lambs.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 2nd third of the 1st century AD – Calpurnius uses it as a noun for the year's yield.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of this year, this year's; grown, born or produced in the current year.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # This year's [[m|en|yield]] (of wool, milk, cheese and the like).^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[hornōtinus]]

+ * [[hōrnō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}