mitteilen German · revision 35662

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Middle High German}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ˈmɪtˌtaɪ̯lən/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''mitteilen''' (third-person singular present teilt mit, past tense teilte mit, past participle mitgeteilt, auxiliary haben)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|gmh|miteteilen|alt=mite teilen]] “to share something with someone, let someone have something”, formed [[af|de|mit-|teilen]].^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary) The base verb is formed from [[Teil]] “part”, which is [[goh|teil]] and goes back to [[gem-pro|*dailiz]], with the cognates [[got|𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃|tr=dails]], [[osx|dēl]] and [[ang|dǣl]] (whence [[en|deal]]).^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Köbler AHD)^(Wiktionary) Outside Germanic, Pfeifer compares Slavic forms and [[lt|dailyti|alt=dailýti|t=to divide]].^(Pfeifer 1993) Its further origin is uncertain: Pfeifer considers a root [[ine-pro|*dā(i)-|t=to divide, cut up]], or a borrowing from a substrate language shared with Balto-Slavic.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Köbler AHD)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Middle High German ''mite teilen'' meant to share something with someone, to give or let someone have something.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Paul 2002) A 15th-century Latin–German vocabulary glosses ''mit teilen'' with Latin ''impartire'', and a Weistum from Alsace of the end of the 15th century speaks of the lords who have “imparted” their grace and friendship.^(DWB|12, 2421)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Early New High German the giver is often the superior party, God or a lord who imparts grace, and the verb could also mean to proclaim the word of God.^(FWB)^(DWB|12, 2421) In the Bible it often refers to alms, as in Luther's ''der dem Hungrigen sein Brot mitteilet'' “who gives his bread to the hungry” (Ezekiel 18:7), and Goethe could still write of giving a beggar ''etwas Weniges mitzuteilen'' “a little something”.^(Paul 2002)^(DWB|12, 2421)

+

+ From the 16th century the verb was used of the transfer of forces and qualities, and so reflexively: warmth, electricity or a mood ''teilt sich mit'' “spreads to” others.^(Paul 2002) The commonest sense since the 18th century has been to pass on knowledge or news.^(Paul 2002) [[Mitteilung]] is recorded by Frisius in 1541, and [[mitteilsam]] “communicative” by Campe in 1809.^(Paul 2002)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Middle High German – ''mite teilen'' “to share with, let someone have”.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ * End of the 15th century – An Alsatian Weistum speaks of imparting grace and friendship.^(DWB|12, 2421)

+ * 1541 – Frisius records ''Mitteilung''.^(Paul 2002)

+ * 1561 – Maaler glosses ''mitteilen'' with Latin ''impertire'' and ''communicare''.^(DWB|12, 2421)

+ * 16th century – The verb is used of transferring forces and qualities.^(Paul 2002)

+ * 18th century – “To inform, tell” becomes the commonest sense.^(Paul 2002)

+ * 1809 – Campe records ''mitteilsam''.^(Paul 2002)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|inform]] someone of something, to tell, let know: ''Sie hat uns ihre Entscheidung schriftlich mitgeteilt.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(elevated)'' To pass something on to something or someone, to [[m|en|transmit]]: ''Die Heizung teilt die Wärme dem ganzen Raum mit.'';^(Duden GWDS 1999) ''(reflexive)'' to spread to: ''Seine Unruhe teilte sich allen mit.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ # ''(elevated, reflexive)'' To [[m|en|confide]] in someone, to open one's heart: ''sich einem Freund mitteilen''.^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ # ''(elevated, dated)'' To give someone a share of something, to [[m|en|share]].^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Mitteilung]]

+ * [[mitteilsam]]

+ * [[mitteilbar]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[verteilen]]

+ * [[teilen]]

+ * [[Teil]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}