organisieren German · revision 35661

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=18th century|origins=grc ὄργανον}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * /ɔʁɡaniˈziːʁən/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''organisieren''' (third-person singular present organisiert, past tense organisierte, past participle organisiert, auxiliary haben)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|fr|organiser]], with the German verb suffix [[-ieren]], borrowed in the 18th century.^(Kluge 2011|673)^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Wiktionary) The French verb is a derivative of [[m|fr|organe|t=tool, organ]], formed on the model of [[la-med|organizō|t=to shape with tools]].^(Kluge 2011|673)^(DWB|13, 1339) The French noun goes back to [[la|organum|t=tool, instrument]], from [[grc|ὄργανον|tr=órganon|t=tool, instrument]], which is related by ablaut to [[m|grc|ἔργον|tr=érgon|t=work]] (see [[Organ]] and [[Energie]]).^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Kluge 2011|673) Köbler traces the Greek word to [[ine-pro|*werǵ-|t=to work, do]].^(Köbler AHD) The same verb is [[nl|organiseren]], [[en|organize]], [[sv|organisera]] and [[no|organisere]].^(Kluge 2011|673)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In the 18th century the verb meant to arrange, shape or set up according to a plan, and in natural science and philosophy to form an organic whole.^(Duden 7 2020)^(DWB|13, 1339) Kant defined an ''organisirtes product der natur'' as one in which everything is end and also means.^(DWB|13, 1339)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The verb was then used, above all reflexively, of joining in economic, political and other associations.^(Duden 7 2020) The noun [[Organisation]] went the same way: first, in the second half of the 17th century, a medical and philosophical term for the constitution of a body or mind, then, under the influence of the ideas of the French Revolution, a term for state, economic and political structures (18th century), “systematic preparation” (19th century) and finally “association, party” (20th century).^(Pfeifer 1993) [[reorganisieren]] dates from the 19th century, and [[Organisator]] from the first half of the 20th.^(Pfeifer 1993)^(Duden 7 2020)

+

+ In colloquial German ''organisieren'' is also a euphemism for getting hold of something in a not quite lawful way.^(Duden 7 2020)^(Duden GWDS 1999) Wiktionary lists [[hu|organizál]] as a loan of the German verb.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Second half of the 17th century – ''Organisation'' appears as a medical and philosophical term.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 18th century – ''organisieren'' is borrowed from French.^(Kluge 2011|673)^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * 18th century – Herder and Kant use the verb of organic nature.^(DWB|13, 1339)

+ * 19th century – ''reorganisieren'' appears.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+ * First half of the 20th century – ''Organisator'' appears.^(Duden 7 2020)

+ * 20th century – ''Organisation'' comes to mean “association, party”.^(Pfeifer 1993)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|organize]], to prepare and arrange something carefully and systematically: ''Die Schüler organisieren ein Sommerfest.'';^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007)^(Wiktionary) ''das organisierte Verbrechen'', [[m|en|organized crime]].^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(reflexive)'' To take shape, to become organized: ''Der Protest organisiert sich.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)

+ # To bring people together in an association, a union or a party: ''gewerkschaftlich organisierte Arbeiter'';^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007) ''(reflexive)'' to join together to pursue common interests.^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007)

+ # ''(colloquial)'' To get hold of, to [[m|en|procure]], often in a not quite proper way: ''Er hat uns noch zwei Karten organisiert.''^(Duden GWDS 1999)^(Duden Fremdwörterbuch 2007)

+ # ''(medicine)'' To break down and replace diseased or dead tissue.^(Wiktionary DE)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[Organisation]]

+ * [[Organisator]]

+ * [[reorganisieren]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[Organ]]

+ * [[Organismus]]

+ * [[organisch]]

+ * [[Orgel]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}